All About Diabetes Information

elderly diabetic patients should be careful of blood glucose excessive

2009-04-29T16:13:00.002-04:00

Hypoglycemia in elderly diabetic patients is mainly the use of hypoglycemic drug overdose caused by, including excessive oral hypoglycemic agents, insulin use excessive, or other diseases due to the use of paracetamol, propranolol and other drugs to enhance the role of hypoglycemic drugs.

In addition, old age is often accompanied by diabetes have heart and kidney dysfunction, heart failure leading to an effective reduction of blood flow. Renal insufficiency of glomerular filtration rate so that lower hypoglycemic agents may lead to accumulation in the body. Regulating hormones and the function of the elderly poor, in the case of sugar, when sugar can not increase the secretion of hormones, and thus easy to hypoglycemia.

When the blood sugar to 2.5mmI / L or when the sympathetic nervous system can occur in response, expressed as a cold sweat, irritability, palpitations, tremor, pale, and so there is hunger, when patients drink a glass of water or eat some candy block, or a small amount of diet, these symptoms can be eased; If blood sugar continues to decline, it will have the symptoms of central nervous system, manifested as headache, drowsiness, coma, convulsions, etc.. If a further reduction in blood glucose can cause permanent damage to the central nervous system.

This shows that elderly people should pay attention to the prevention of diabetic hypoglycemia, patients learn to self-monitoring condition, their own urine sugar tests, conditional trace can be self-blood glucose monitoring device, to capture the fluctuations in blood sugar, especially in strict accordance with the doctor's advice to use and can not authorization to increase the drug dose, the volume of activities encountered temporary increase, or can not eat, or eat because of poor appetite decrease, the need for the timely adjustment of the dosage of hypoglycemic agents.

The initial patients taking hypoglycemic agents should be started from small doses, glibenclamide should be used with caution due to glibenclamide in the commonly used hypoglycemic agents is the role of the strongest, longest role of drugs in the course in the use of low - the highest incidence of blood glucose. Should also be noted that the elderly should not have to ask for their blood glucose to normal, the control standards in order to achieve an appropriate level of mitigation is appropriate, avoid overkill.

Diabetic patients with tuberculosis and the cause of clinical nursing

2009-04-29T16:13:00.001-04:00

1. Cause

Diabetes is a common endocrine metabolic diseases, the cause has not yet fully understood. Drink for the clinical features, polyuria, and more food and weight loss syndrome. Poor control can cause many complications. At present, the incidence of diabetic patients with tuberculosis are relatively high. Sugar as a result of the lack of protein can not take full advantage of the lower body resistance and immunity. Human immunity to TB are: congenital and acquired immunity, two kinds of immunity. Which acquired a strong immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis after BCG vaccination or after infection with specificity. After being infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis incidence, depending on the number of bacterial invasion and virulence, the body's immune system and body's allergic reactions and other factors. Over the past few years we in the treatment of tuberculosis among treated patients with diabetes on the number of cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. The treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in the clinical course of disease is relatively slow. I am years from 1998 -2003 a total of 35 cases of complications in patients admitted to our nursing experience now described below.

2. Objects and care

2.1 Object

35 cases of this group, 18 cases of male and 17 females, aged 25-75 years old, diabetic patients with tuberculosis.

2.2 Nursing

2.2.1 Food care: diabetes diet is the most basic of measures, regardless of insulin or oral hypoglycemic medication patients need to control diet, in order to stabilize the patient's condition. Stressed the importance of diet therapy, to give the patient or family members repeatedly tell the control diet is the most basic method of treatment of diabetes, medication alone is not satisfactory efficacy. Diet to patients alone, the church and the preparation of the patient calculated calorie recipes, and strictly enforced. Caloric intake may exercise discretion to increase malnutrition, obesity reduce it to the amount of fat a day should be tightly controlled selection of the best no more than 40g of vegetable oil. Promote use of crude fiber content of food in order to increase gastric motility, slow digestion and absorption, add enough of the vitamin B vitamins in particular. Reasonable distribution of food,wish to avoid eating more than the burden of insulin.

2.2.2 to observe the reaction of nursing administration: insulin therapy should be closely monitored patients. Often the following symptoms: pale, palpitation, a cold sweat, dizziness, nausea and hunger, as were unclear, the above symptoms should be attention. Low blood sugar reactions generally occur in the injection of insulin for half an hour (when not eating), or 3-4 hours or caused by excessive insulin, or brittle diabetic patients, urine negative for several days, insulin reduction is not timely. To prevent low blood sugar reaction, generally half an hour in each meal fasting insulin injection. Observed after injection should also pay attention to. Timely treatment of low blood sugar reactions, first of all, the patients lying, oxygen, proper eating carbohydrates such as sugar, biscuits, etc., often can be eased. Low blood sugar coma if a timely notice of a doctor. 50% intravenous glucose 40-60ml. Timely collection of urine, blood and ready to actively cooperate with the inspection of doctors jointly controlled hypoglycemia caused by drug overdose.

2.2.3 diabetic patients with clinical TB care: After the merger of anti-tuberculosis drug-sensitive TB declining, relatively long treatment duration. The performance of patients after onset of symptoms: low-heat in the afternoon sweating, fatigue, poor appetite, weight loss. Women may have menstrual disorders or amenorrhea. Respiratory symptoms: cough, sputum, chest pain, breathing difficulties have varying degrees of hemoptysis. TB as quickly as possible in order to effectively control the situation in tuberculosis before chemotherapy in patients with sputum smear investigation. Second AFB, blood, urine, liver function of the time, a chest X-ray. Treatment of sputum smear during the second month, every three months to check blood, urine, liver function of the time. Chest X-ray taken at the end of a course of treatment.

TB patients to take anti-TB chemotherapy in TB control in the play a decisive role. Of active tuberculosis chemotherapy must adhere to the early days, the joint, regular, regular, full use of the principle of drug-sensitive. Standard chemotherapy: mild 12-18 months, 18-24 months of severe, short-course chemotherapy, treatment is started 2-3 months strengthening phase, the consolidation phase of the whole 2-3 months. Chemotherapy, we should be monitoring of management. Such as the use of rifampicin (RFP) and to observe the liver, any change in liver function, whether the yellow staining of skin, nausea, vomiting. Use of ammonia, oxygen acid (PAS) have stomach discomfort. Use of pyrazinamide (PZA) in deep joints feel any pain. Taking isoniazid (INH) whether symptoms of tinnitus. Star阿卡米sulfate (KM) intravenous administration of this drug have some renal toxicity, routine laboratory tests before treatment. Blood urea nitrogen medication review process once a month. Period in the clinical treatment of the disease should strictly monitor the changes in the integrated care initiative.

3. The results

Over the past few years we have a doctor of clinical nursing staff in patient treatment and care, 81% diabetes mellitus to achieve a cure rate of tuberculosis. 19% of patients with diabetes as a result of relatively heavy, drug-sensitive TB declining, stable disease treatment, has received satisfactory results.

4. Discussion

Diabetic patients with pulmonary tuberculosis care:

4.1 Treatment of diabetes mellitus with clinical tuberculosis more difficult. Diabetes as a result of disordered glucose metabolism, resulting in strengthening the role of gluconeogenesis, resulting in accelerated decomposition of antibody protein complement and reduce the generation of immune globulin. After the merger of anti-tuberculosis drug-sensitive TB decline, a longer course of treatment. The performance of patients after onset of symptoms: low-heat in the afternoon sweating, fatigue, poor appetite, weight loss. Women may have menstrual disorders or amenorrhea. Respiratory symptoms: cough sputum, chest pain, breathing difficulties and varying degrees of hemoptysis. In order to control the disease as soon as possible. Clinical timely application of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy treatment, in the treatment of close observation, we monitor the care of chemotherapy drugs. More side-effects of anti-TB drugs, drugs in the treatment of sensitive observation, and symptomatic treatment if the drug is not sensitive to the dressing was changed in time in order to achieve therapeutic effect.

4.2 during treatment to guide our patients with the nursing staff to be patient and eliminate tension, to maintain a good attitude. Indoor ventilation to maintain indoor air fresh. Frequently in stable condition after the step-by-step outdoor static, not fatigue, strict compliance with the orders on time and on medication, to control blood sugar, keep the skin clean to prevent infection to prevent complications.

family members give diabetes patients decompression

2009-04-29T16:11:00.000-04:00

Relatives suffering from diabetes, family members would be more sad, this is human nature, but face the reality and should control their own families, to eliminate fears and concerns as soon as possible, because the families of diabetic patients on the expression, attitudes, and behavior are very sensitive, regardless of their loved ones condition, the family members of patients to be calm before the calm, so that patients receive psychological and spiritual support for patients and create a favorable living environment.

Treatment of diabetic patients in good or bad, in a very large extent to the families of the co-ordination and can not be separated from family members in addition to support the spirit of the living to take care of patients and, more importantly, played a role of doctors and care, Therefore the families of the first diabetic to have a correct understanding of the basic. Such as

(1) Although no cure for diabetes, but it is not an incurable disease, family members should be persuaded to adopt a positive attitude with a good treatment of the patient;

(2) Diabetes is not infectious, do not find it too patient, to increase the patient's psychological stress;

(3) chronic complications of diabetes appear to be fully understood, can not add to the distress of patients and so on.

In addition, patients with long-term control because of the need to diet or (and) drug use, especially in patients insulin injection, or other various reasons, sometimes performance, such as depression, family members with medical and nursing staff to the greatest extent possible to persuade and encourage patients to and establish a long-term battle and disease confidence.

Family members in compliance with the dietary treatment of diabetes based on the principle of diverse varieties as possible, the patients who love to eat nutritious meals. To encourage patients to. Family members of patients should also make every effort to resolve the ideological or dispersed its energy, so that freed from the gloom out of the family members of patients should be urged by the amount of time on medication, trying not to ideas, so as not to delay the opportunity for medical treatment.

Experts in prevention and treatment of senile diabetes ideas

2009-04-28T12:46:00.003-04:00

Living Well, life span is longer, the incidence of diabetes in the elderly has increased significantly. In diabetic patients, elderly patients with diabetes accounted for 30% of senile diabetes is a threat to the health of the elderly.

How to determine if they had diabetes? How the prevention and treatment of senile diabetes? With a number of issues of concern to the elderly, the reporter interviewed a provincial deputy director of the Chinese medicine doctor of internal medicine Dr. Zhao Quanlin.

Three types of diabetes in elderly

Basically, the elderly are type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus, there are three types: the elderly caused by obesity diabetes, lack of exercise-induced diabetes and the elderly family genetic history of diabetes caused by old age.

Most of asymptomatic diabetes in elderly

Hidden elderly onset diabetes, a relatively minor symptoms, no problem of "a little over 3" (polydipsia polyuria eat more weight loss) symptoms, and some will also appear in patients with mild fatigue, weakness, dry mouth, weight loss, etc. symptoms of diabetes in elderly general inspection body or in the diagnosis and treatment of other diseases when found. Wait until there are more obvious symptoms, the incidence of a long time already, and even has some asymptomatic patients.

How to determine whether the risk of diabetes

We determine whether the elderly suffer from diabetes, blood glucose mainly by check. When fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol / L, or after a meal blood glucose ≥ 11.1mmol / L on the note had been suffering from diabetes. In early diabetes, the relatively short treatment time can be 23 days or a week or so check blood sugar, are relatively stable condition of the patients about half a month to check once a month, there are some patients once a day or two, or even a few day times, this is completely unnecessary.

Prone to complications of diabetes in elderly

Long course of disease in elderly diabetic, prone to complications, this is the inevitable old-age trend of development of diabetes, which led to the death of elderly patients with diabetes are basically the heart, brain and kidney complications of diabetes, diabetes complications in elderly diabetic heart disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetes and so on dozens of cerebral complications. There have been a patient like playing mahjong, do not take medicine, and pay no attention to diet is often to drink, there have been kidney damage, leading to diabetic nephropathy, and later developed into a uremia, can only rely on life-sustaining hemodialysis.

The purpose of control in elderly diabetic complications is the control to ensure the health of the elderly. Better control of complications to control blood sugar, blood pressure and lipid control, control of high blood viscosity and so on.

How to care for the elderly with diabetes

2009-04-28T12:46:00.001-04:00

With the continuous improvement of living standards, changes in diet, the incidence of diabetes was an upward trend year after year. To really prevent exacerbations and complications, in addition to early diagnosis, timely treatment, more importantly, to do a good job of diabetic elderly home care.

The event as a result of diabetes, with almost life-long and long-term medication to the patient a heavy financial burden and mental stress. In particular, fear of complications, most patients with the spirit of malaise, depression, loss of confidence in the fight against the disease. In view of this situation, the patient once the diagnosis, we should sympathize with comfort, while the incidence of diabetes awareness, prevention, treatment of the relevant knowledge, enhance their confidence in the fight against disease.

Diabetic patients the most important thing is diet control. Standards should be strictly controlled diet, diabetic diet master calculation. Total daily calories in the control of standards under the premise of increasing the high-cellulose, low-fat diet, each meal deprivation, the daily number of meals.

Daily life should be strengthened elderly diabetic oral and skin care to prevent infection; attention to warm, the prevention of upper respiratory tract infection and pulmonary complications, the prevention of urinary tract infection; accurate records of urine, measurement of body weight on time.

The family home to buy the best measurement of blood glucose and urine sugar measurements of the paper and on time to the elderly diabetic blood sugar, urine sugar, but this self-test can not be replaced regularly measuring hospital. If it is found that fluctuations in blood sugar have to be on time. Injection of insulin for diabetes should pay attention to the elderly dose and time, one should be accurate, in half an hour before injection; Second, we must pay attention to the regular replacement of the injection site to prevent scleroma organizations; three partial strictly disinfected to prevent infection; four to watch for excessive insulin or oral drugs for adverse reactions. But also to observe the elderly diabetes have low blood sugar phenomenon, once the symptoms of hypoglycemia should immediately oral carbohydrate food, on the heavier should immediately go to the hospital for medical treatment.

Suffering from diabetes to light the elderly should be encouraged to participate in appropriate physical and sports activities in order to avoid the body fat can also reduce the burden on the patient's spirit. Such as severe ketoacidosis and other complications, should be an absolute bed rest, to wait for his condition improved, depending on the patient, and gradually increase the volume of activities.

On the psychological elderly patients with diabetes care

2009-04-28T12:45:00.004-04:00

Diabetes is a chronic disease with life, due to repeated changes in the disease, no cause of treatment, the emergence of such complications, patients will have varying degrees of psychological barriers. Therefore, psychological care is essential to diabetes care segments, which contribute to the stability of the disease, drugs to play, the consolidation effect. Elderly diabetes through psychological care, the following experience.

(1) despair and psychological care: Some people believe that senile diabetes, their suffering from diabetes, is "incurable" and life-long medication, quality of life, loss of confidence in life. On the psychological care of these patients, it is necessary to meet the doctor and his (her) to exchange, to establish a correct concept of the disease. At present, there is no cure for diabetes, but to control development, the emergence of delayed complications. Such as good control of the life of elderly diabetic patients have little effect. So as to enhance confidence in the fight against the disease, contribute to drug treatment. (2) neglect of mental illness care: Some people believe that senile diabetes, their blood sugar is high, no other symptoms, does not affect the diet, without treatment, even if the treatment, not law. On the psychological care of these patients, to his (her) to explain the dangers of diabetes and its complications, cited some examples, so that patients fully understand the importance of diabetes treatment, recognizing that the benefits of active treatment, active treatment did not harm to medical, nursing and improve compliance. (3) "diabetic personality" psychological care: Some immature personality in elderly diabetic patients with a passive-dependent, do indecision, lack of self-confidence and insecurity often, these personality characteristics known as "diabetic personality." On the psychological care of these patients, so that patients understand that bad mood of the metabolic control of diabetes and the vesting conditions will have a negative impact, when the emotional instability, the blood sugar can rise, and long-term depression patients reduced insulin secretion , decreased glucose utilization curve, so in order to maintain emotional stability.

Clinical care can not be done mechanically, in particular the elderly diabetic patients should be targeted at the specific circumstances of each person, such as: age, mental status, family status, educational level, economic status, such as depth to do a good job of psychological care, to maximize Let the patient acceptance, approval, in order to achieve the intended purpose. Through psychological care, so patients can take to establish confidence in the future, thereby enhancing the patient's compliance, so that optimistic sentiment, but also to resist, such as "can completely cured" of false advertising and the temptations of pseudo-science. Through psychological care, so that further medical treatment and overall care.

elderly diabetes home care

2009-04-28T12:45:00.003-04:00

Diabetes is the body insulin secretion caused by absolute or relative shortage of metabolic disease. Can be divided into type 1 and type 2, which is also called non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. The symptoms are relatively light, and general diet therapy alone or with oral hypoglycemic drugs can control the disease, on the contrary diet control and medication improperly can be involved in all body systems. Once these systems are against the resumption of a slower, older patients with diabetes as a result of the aging of the system, poor immune function, concurrent diseases of the system more, so do the elderly home care patients with diabetes care workers, we have become a new topic Through many years of diabetes in elderly home care guidance, received a certain amount of effect, are presented below.

1 diet care

In strict accordance with the diabetic diet meal, because the family is the key to good care and diet, so the family members to explain the importance of diet to understand the causes and incidence of diabetes is closely related to the diet can not be taken lightly, according to hospital after doctor's request to be reasonable diet, and asked the family members of patients with diabetes do a good job of catering catering, and supervisors.

2 Skin Care

Skin tissue in diabetic patients with higher sugar content, suitable for bacterial growth, but also as a result of increased blood glucose, blood neutrophil activity slow, poor phagocytic ability, reduced bactericidal ability, coupled with reduced ability to block the formation of antibodies, so prone skin itching and infection, and not easily recovered after infection, for which must be ground bathing, changing clothes diligence and maintain the skin clean to prevent infections, skin infections, once found to timely treatment.

3 diarrhea constipation care

Elderly patients with diabetes because of autonomic dysfunction lead to constipation or diarrhea, for which family members should be kept under observation in patients with stool so that patients develop the habit of regular bowel movements to prevent constipation or diarrhea, constipation or diarrhea for patients after a certain use warm water to clean the skin around the anus to prevent infection, regulation of diet, reduce or increase the intake of crude fiber or drug treatment, review of blood glucose, urine sugar.

4 physical care

Elderly patients with diabetes lead to cerebral arteriosclerosis and peripheral neuritis, the performance of physical activities are not flexible, acromegaly, numb hands and feet, in home care in patients with more physical massage, heat blisters on hands and feet during the day and used to promote the physical and peripheral circulation in order to reduce physical not flexible and does not numb the pain and so on.

5 psychological care

Psychological care is an important aspect of home care, for families to learn and understand the psychology of knowledge, to help patients overcome negative psychological factors in the imbalance, so that patients maintain a good state of mind, have the confidence to overcome the disease to overcome the pessimism. To learn more about patients with diabetes mellitus is a common life-long disease, have a long-term thinking to overcome the disease, family members of patients to timely emotional guidance, to eliminate undesirable factors.

6 Notes

Nursing home care is the cause of the new development. Nurses to a week of elderly diabetic patients with home visits from time to time, the development of nursing and care to carefully fill out the responsibility system to record, summarize the experience of care, adequate supervision of patients taking hypoglycemic agents on schedule, regular review of blood sugar, urine sugar, adjusting the drug the amount of food, the timely detection of complications, prompt treatment.

Control of blood sugar, the three measures of diabetes control in elderly

2009-04-28T12:45:00.001-04:00

A control diet, the promotion of light. Appropriate number of coarse grains to eat daily coarse grains (bean flour, cornmeal, noodles hazelnut, millet noodles, etc.) accounted for more than half of the staple food, with reasonable, non-staple food should eat some cucumber, tomatoes and celery and cabbage and other vegetables crude fiber, can also be appropriate to eat some fish, shrimp, meat, oils and fats to eat less food, less cooking should also put some oil. There are many elderly people eat pumpkin hypoglycemic, and even eat the pumpkin, pumpkin Dr. Zhao said that although there is a certain degree of hypoglycemic effect, but should not eat more in order to moderate to good. In addition high blood glucose not eating fruits, low blood sugar can be an empty stomach between meals eating some fruit, but can not eat after dinner. Eat less sugar and calorie intake to control the staple food in 300g / day-500g / day. Quit smoking and avoid alcohol. Reporters in an interview that there is an old lady in Qingdao to begin a relatively high blood sugar, then eat buckwheat and tomatoes a long time, blood glucose has been maintained at 5mmol / L or so. There is an old lady almost every day to eat bitter gourd, the original control high blood sugar better.

Second, adequate exercise. The elderly, such as heart and lung as a result of the carrying capacity of organs decline, should be appropriate according to its own situation quickly taken away, playing Taijiquan, the elderly, such as dancing to withstand physical activities, not to promote running, intense activities such as mountain climbing fast. Enough is enough movement, not reluctantly, but also on a regular basis, in order to feel relaxed the whole body, loss of appetite for a good reduction.

Third, changes in the way of life. Control through diet and activities to strengthen the control of the ideal body weight range (-105 height = weight kilograms), at the same time to control high blood pressure, high cholesterol, which are beneficial to the prevention and treatment of diabetes.

Hypoglycemic agents can not be arbitrary service

Mild diabetes can be controlled through exercise and good diet can achieve the effect of prevention or treatment. However, if the control diet and to strengthen the movement of blood glucose still increased significantly after the patients, drug therapy should consider taking some of the role of comparative ease, the prevention of neurovascular complications of oral medication to help, under normal circumstances does not require treatment with insulin.

Note that the drugs must be under the guidance of a doctor, can not serve chaos, Dr. Zhao has a woman being treated, people with diabetes has not been the treatment of doctors, but their condition according to their own repeatedly that exacerbations eat some medicine to alleviate the conditions that do not eat, plus a good diet does not control, and do not want to do exercise, blood sugar has been increased to 10.5mmol / L or more, unable to feel full. Later, under the guidance of Dr. Zhao, the old lady after the treatment, and now has decreased body weight, physical strength is also, and also do some regular exercise, blood sugar has dropped to 6mmol / L or so.

Elderly diabetes: do you lack of chromium?

2009-04-28T12:44:00.003-04:00

With iron, copper, zinc and other elements compared to the people of chromium is relatively unfamiliar. In fact, chromium is also a trace element necessary for the body, one is closely related with human health.

Modern medical research found that trivalent chromium into the human and animal body, the adsorption and organization in the cell membrane, and through the formation of organic compounds or biological activity of chromium compounds play a role, to participate in carbohydrate, fat (especially cholesterol) and amino acid Synthesis of metabolism, insulin to help play a role, it said trivalent chromium compound such as a "glucose tolerance factor." Therefore, trivalent chromium has been identified as essential trace elements in the human body. Inadequate intake of chromium can lead to impaired glucose tolerance --- service after a certain amount of glucose can not be fully utilized and stored elevated glucose, and body; will lead to atherosclerosis --- arteries lose elasticity, luminal narrowing and even obstruction.

Food sources of chromium for the meat and grain, beans, brewer's yeast, liver, grains, dairy, vegetables, fruits, chromium low. Nutrition standards in accordance with the United States recommended the Committee recommends that the safety and suitability of chromium intake of 50 to 200 mg / person. The human body contains chromium lowered with age, the elderly vulnerable to lack of chromium, it should be noted added.

Refining the process of food containing a significant reduction in the amount of chromium, for example, 100 grams of whole grains of chromium 175 mg, 60 mg of flour level, only 23 mg of fine white powder. Brown sugar than white sugar high chromium 6 times, which may be civil that the role of brown sugar has a unique reason. Americans like eating refined white flour and refined sugar, it led to a general lack of chromium, to become diabetic, coronary heart disease incidence and the causes of the higher mortality rate. In cereals, brown rice, coarse grains to feed the country, the situation is just the opposite.

Older methods of diabetes prevention

2009-04-28T12:44:00.001-04:00

(1) diet control: single-feeding should avoid sugar products, to encourage low-fat high-fiber foods, as well as feeding the right amount of salt for its basic principles. The food intake of protein, vitamin supplement should be further recommends that physicians planning of adequate food.

(2) moderate exercise: Sports can improve blood fat and the elderly impaired glucose tolerance, a general principle it is appropriate to pre-warm-up and after the exercise program to gradually slow down, never managed to carry out, for the movement of their limbs, and with appropriate protection . It should not do weightlifting, with a clear peripheral neuropathy were not running, so swimming and foot for the majority of patients than a bicycle.

(3) careful use: drug use and treatment, we must follow the doctor's advice! Avoid self-adjustment of dose or interruption of use.

(4) periodic assessment of diabetes control of the situation: including regular testing of blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, blood fat, kidney function, as well as the fundus, electrocardiogram screening.

(5) psychological and support: It is necessary to rely on the cooperation of family members and medical staff to care for patients and assist patients in the face for treatment.

Osteoporosis occur when the anti-diabetic

2009-04-27T10:53:00.001-04:00

Early symptoms of diabetes in elderly do not typically make more use of complications as the first symptom, diabetes, bone disease is one of them. From low blood sugar, urine sugar emergence of a large number of calcium from the urine discharge, thereby reducing serum calcium. When the kidneys lose too much calcium, reduced intestinal absorption of calcium, parathyroid hormone can occur secondary hyperparathyroidism functional, caused by subperiosteal bone, which osteoporosis, bone thinning, fibrous osteitis, pelvis and the abnormal pathological fracture. Such pathological changes of long bones especially the limbs, ribs, collarbone, pelvis is prominent. Secondly, osteoporosis (calcium) metabolism and phosphorus, magnesium is closely related to, when the calcium from the excessive discharge of urine, magnesium, phosphorus discharges also increased, resulting in abnormal calcium metabolism, leading to osteoporosis. Due to skin infections involving bone, bone disease also led to one of the reasons for diabetes.

Once middle-aged and elderly spinal acid leg pain, fingers twitch, gastrocnemius muscle cramps, especially in the pelvis or abnormal pathological fracture, in addition to calcium and bone to do X-ray examination should check blood sugar, urine sugar.

For the treatment of diabetic bone disease, the key lies in the active treatment of diabetes and, if necessary, choose the joint application of calcitonin and calcium to promote bone cells.

Diabetes can detract from the daily life of the capacity of the elderly

2009-04-27T10:52:00.002-04:00

According to a new study that may detract from diabetes, such as the elderly to engage in his chair to stand up, as well as day-to-day activities such as stair climbing ability.

The number of older people with diabetes is increasing, and diabetes may affect the daily lives of the function is not surprising. As a result, however the decline in such capacity, whether the diabetes itself, or diabetes more common in patients with other chronic diseases, there is a dispute it.

In this study, such as coronary artery disease such as diabetes usually affects the disease, action is indeed difficult to explain some of the cases, but not all.

Bethesda, Maryland (Bethesda) U.S. National Institute of Aging (National Institute on Aging) Lenerl (Nathalie de Rekeneire) Dr. told Reuters: "The mobility may lead to several diseases in diabetic patients is more commonly found see. "

She led the study also pointed out that, including obesity, arthritis, coronary artery disease and depression, such as curable or preventable diseases, and diabetes ability to act on the early signs of recession.

However, Lenerl that affect the life of the function of many of the complications of diabetes may be attributed to poor blood sugar control.

Researchers of different ages, gender and ethnic comparison of patients found that diabetes dysfunction and life have a strong correlation between.

Diabetic children's lives seven proposals

2009-04-27T10:52:00.001-04:00

Paediatrics specialists believe that the prevalence of diabetic children as early as, if not guarantee the quality of life of children, it is easy for a child's serious illness or psychological pressure. Experts seven recommendations.

Proposal:

Six months to check liver function once a year to conduct a general physical examination, which should include renal function, fundus, blood glucose, blood lipids of a comprehensive examination, is conducive to timely detection of diabetes and its complications.

Recommendation II:

Have diabetes, especially type I diabetes in children, 1 week at least 1 day blood sugar, blood glucose instability even when measured within two weeks for three days, each day is based on breakfast, lunch and dinner and before going to bed two hours before and after measurements were 7th approach.

Recommendation III:

I suffering from diabetes mellitus children, to strictly control the diet to control blood sugar.

a. daily calories (cards) = 1000 + age × (70-100), 3-year-old child is too fat for more than × 70,3 years of age on the child too skinny × 100;

b. carbohydrates (rice and other staple food) accounted for 50% of the daily diet -55%.

c. protein intake accounted for 15% of the daily diet -20%.

d. daily dietary fat intake accounted for 25% -30%, and for good plant fats, such as should eat less pure.

Recommendation IV:

To prescribed medication, can not disable or reduce the medication, especially I-type diabetes in children.

Recommendation V:

Children 3 times a week, half an hour each time.

a. choice of aerobic exercise movement, so as to achieve maximal exercise heart rate of 60% as the standard (maximum exercise heart rate = 220 - age).

b. too much strenuous exercise such as running is not suitable to see the bearing capacity of individuals to choose hiking, cycling, jogging, playing to the activities.

c. need to test blood glucose before and after exercise and was ready to sugar, biscuits and so on, when there are low blood sugar when eating, but bearing in mind the volume control.

Recommendation VI:

More understanding of his illness and the doctors treating the situation and ensure the normal development of puberty.

Recommendation VII:

Psychological counseling. Psychological counseling is to enable these children suffering from diabetes know that diabetes can be controlled, parents, medical personnel and teachers should work with this.

be careful of serving women with diabetes vitamin C

2009-04-27T10:51:00.004-04:00

New research shows that older women with diabetes, if taking large doses of vitamin C, they may damage the heart.

Researchers with 2000 postmenopausal women with diabetes for as long as 15 years of follow-up study found that daily doses over 300 mg of vitamin C for women, died of a heart attack and stroke risk is that those who do not take vitamin C in women twice. The discovery was published in the latest issue of the United States, "Clinical Nutrition" magazine.

We know that diabetes blood contained vitamin C, often at a relatively low level. Many diabetic people taking vitamin C supplements to increase blood levels of vitamin C content. However, studies have shown that this is not a correct choice. Diabetic patients taking vitamin supplements should be more cautious than others.

The researchers pointed out that despite the diabetic patient's blood levels of vitamin C, often below the normal value, but the use of supplements to enhance the healthy level of vitamin C is still unknown.

In the study, researchers in the 2000 women with diabetes die of cardiovascular disease in the medical record to the record. From the beginning of the study, the women answered all the questions in the questionnaire, including: eating habits, exercise, high blood pressure and smoking habits. The results showed that in the next 15 years, those taking 300 mg per day of vitamin C more than the women, died of coronary heart disease or stroke risk is that those who do not take vitamin C twice as many women.

The researchers also pointed out the antioxidant defense system complexity. When antioxidants interact with free radicals, they must be turned into other antioxidant detoxification of pro-oxidants. This detoxification process occurs in diabetic patients who have very slow. In this case, the change in the molecule of vitamin C can damage human cells.

Researchers in favor of dietary intake of vitamin C and other nutrients, rather than intake from supplements. Although antioxidants in food can be biological and chemical balance, but a lack of vitamin pills could balance such a mechanism. The researchers speculate, therefore, taking a single high-dose antioxidants may interfere with the body and the former oxidant antioxidant balance.

Another study also shows that taking a daily high-dose antioxidants --- another vitamin E, not only can not prolong life, but may increase the risk of death.

Diabetes self-test blood glucose levels will help to improve the condition

2009-04-27T10:51:00.003-04:00

HONG Beijing May 10 news central Japan National Health Insurance will be announced on the 9th, according to a survey the possibility of diabetes and diabetes testing themselves help to improve the symptoms of blood sugar level.

According to Xinhua Net reported that the survey does not require injections of insulin to diabetic patients and less likely to suffer from diabetes for the object, of which 85 patients with less serious, it is possible patients with 100 people, asking them three times a week at home self-test blood glucose levels . Two months later, with no self-test blood glucose levels of patients and less likely in patients with blood glucose levels compared with changes in body weight, results showed that self-test blood glucose in patients with a lesser value, the reaction of the hemoglobin A1C blood sugar level index, the average from 69.8% down to 66.5%, body weight decreased from 60.6 kilograms to 58.6 kilograms; there may be patients with hemoglobin A1C index, the average fell 0.17 percent, the average body weight decreased by 1. 2 kg. Without self-test blood glucose levels in patients with the index is basically unchanged.

Japanese National Health Insurance Central Council of the details of that measured his blood sugar level, through personal experience changes in blood sugar level, you can draw attention to diet, increasing exercise, adoption of a healthy lifestyle.

According to the Japanese Health, Labor and Welfare survey in 2002 showed that patients with diabetes in Japan and is likely for the 16.2 million patients, of whom hemoglobin A1C index by 6.1% in patients with diabetes for more than 7.4 million people, more than 5.6% and 6.1% of patients with the following may be 880 million people.

Patients with diabetes need regular eye check

2009-04-27T10:51:00.001-04:00

According to the survey, duration of diabetes less than 5 years in the fundus changes in 38 ~ 39%; course of 5 to 10 years the incidence rate of 50 ~ 56.7%; 10 years the incidence increased to 69 ~ 90%. Now, diabetic retinopathy has risen the most important blinding one of the reasons, there are 1 / 4 blind So blind patients. However, because many people do not understand the damage of diabetes on the eye, when the vision is often reduced to a considerable extent, affect the normal work and life, only to the hospital for medical treatment, the result of delays in the condition, and ultimately no longer blind to the eyes of the world .

Diabetes is caused by insulin insufficiency of glucose metabolism disorders, and disorders associated with protein metabolism, it can produce in vivo changes in a variety of organ systems, but with the eyes more closely related, can cause cataracts, retinopathy, transient flexor optical errors, such as external ophthalmoplegia, in which the most common retinopathy. So, when people are diagnosed with diabetes after, even if visual acuity is 1.0, should be to carry out regular inspection of ophthalmic hospital to see if there is the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy. If everything will be all right, about every six months should be a detailed investigation. If the early symptoms of the disease occur, it is necessary to 1 or 2 months once, once the disease must be treated immediately. In addition, many patients with a decline in visual acuity often mistaken for the performance of early cataract, retinal disease is not thought of. Cataract can be cured through surgery, and once the development of diabetic retinopathy to the advanced, even if advanced medical technology is also difficult to have a significant effect. For prevention, we must check as soon as possible, as soon as possible treatment.

Diabetes Nutrition Can Improve Difficult Problems

2009-04-27T10:49:00.000-04:00

Author: Korbin Newlyn

The research and study of diabetes nutrition has made crucial discoveries that can improve the health of numerous individuals who are afflicted from this serious health condition. Numerous individuals develop diabetes as kids or at a later point in their life. The individuals who have early warning signs that they may get diabetes should in careful way take a look at diabetes nutrition to stave off the onset of this difficult disease. There are blood tests that people can get that will help to identify people who are afflicted by this disease. and these people can also get blood tests which will give warning if any signs of pre-diabetes exists. For all individuals, good nutrition is important, yet for those with some chance of getting diabetes and also for those people with diabetes should be very careful when it comes to their regular diet. Diabetes nutrition has a few features that are special particularly for diabetics, yet numerous important steps to healthy nutrition work for diabetics. Nutritionists have worked with doctors and other medical field experts to research the effects of diabetes on the human system. After many years of research, the nutritionists have numerous beneficial strategies for diabetics nutrition that will assist diabetics leading a more comfortable life despite their affliction with this disease. The majority of doctors working with diabetics will press the point of the importance of nutrition. Diabetics Nutrition is Not Highly Complicated Diabetics nutrition is not particularly about special foods even though there are some specific foods created particularly for diabetics. Diabetics are better off planning their healthy habits and then follow them everyday. The majority of nutritionists teach diabetics to consume moderate amounts of food and make plans for timed meals as well as appropriate snacks. Diabetics are typically taught to eat plenty of fruits and vegetables which are crucial in everyday diets. Foods that are rich in whole grains are frequently recommended to diabetics as well as the population in general. Just like everyone else a diabetic should attempt to limit the fat as well as the calories that they consume. Obviously, everyone else would be well advised to do the same even if they do not have diabetes. Individuals are frequently creatures of habit and instituting habits that are healthy can form the basis for diabetes nutrition. Carbohydrates can have a crucial part to play in healthy blood sugar levels. Diabetics who are on insulin or any other kinds of diabetic medications should pay careful attention to carbohydrates in their day to day diet. Diabetics need to work closely with their physicians as well as their nutritionists to make certain that their carbohydrate consumption is right for their condition. Whole grains are highly significant to the diet of diabetics. These types of foods furnish the fiber that moves the digestive system effectively. There are numerous nutritious whole grains that diabetics should incorporate in their diets.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/diseases-and-conditions-articles/diabetes-nutrition-can-improve-difficult-problems-528133.html

About the Author:

Listen to Korbin Newlyn as he shares his insights as an expert author and an avid writer in the field of health. If you would like to learn more go to Diabetes Causes advice and at Diabetes Prevention tips.

Diabetes: Summer can not let down our guard

2009-04-27T10:48:00.000-04:00

Patients with diabetes in the summer, the blood sugar at the lowest stage of the year, the most close to normal. But noted that the drug must not blindly cut must adhere to medication, so as to avoid accidents or illness. For more information on the drug dose to be adjusted or description must be carried out under the guidance of a doctor.

Hot days lead to lower blood sugar
In the year, the summer of blood sugar in diabetic patients at a low level. This is mainly because the human body against the cold summer of adrenal hormone secretion, reduced the role of insulin can be more fully; hot summer weather, it is generally loss of appetite, reduced carbohydrate intake; outdoor activities increase, the use of blood glucose. In addition, the longer summer days, hot days of insufficient sleep easily, causing the body heat dissipation, the body's metabolism high, relative consumption also increased blood sugar. Therefore, measurement of blood glucose in patients with diabetes are often found in summer than other seasons of low blood sugar.

Sweating more than make up water

Summer sweat more, the loss of body water volume of big, attention should be paid more than drinking water. Elderly diabetic patients a sense of loss was not obvious after the thirsty, care should be taken to add water initiative. Some worry that more patients with diabetes leads to more drinking urine. This is very wrong and dangerous, diabetes polyuria is due to high blood sugar, therefore, if the restrictions on drinking water, cause dehydration, diabetes mellitus in elderly patients with hemoconcentration easily result in thrombosis, hyperosmolar coma, such as renal dysfunction. Therefore, patients with diabetes should not limit the water, but not a one-time drinking water or drink a lot cooler than cold, avoid drinks with high sugar content drinks and sparkling drinks, we should drink plenty of water or herbal tea water cooler.

Food should not leave things to chance

Summer all kinds of sugary fruit drinks and more listed, but these are not suitable for diabetic patients to eat more. In particular, it is not yet under the control of high blood sugar in diabetic people to be used with caution. Stable condition of the diabetic patients should also be dieticians or doctors under the guidance of a reasonable selection of fruit, moderate consumption. Should be banned or to minimize the use of sugary drinks. Suitable for eating summer vegetables in diabetic patients are: eggplant, cucumber, beans, onions, bitter gourd, tomato and so on. In between meals or before going to bed to eat adequate fruits, should be noted that the sugar content of fruit, edible fruit sugar content should be greater attention to reducing the amount of staple food. Patients with diabetes should not eat watermelon. Watermelon contains about 5% of sugar, diabetic patients to eat too much watermelon will lead to elevated blood sugar. However, if a watermelon to eat 25-50 grams of diabetic patients has little effect on the amount of sugar intake can only be increased by 1-2 grams.

Attention to prevent infection of health

Patients with diabetes should pay attention to food hygiene to prevent the occurrence of gastroenteritis. Because of diarrhea or vomiting can lead to water and electrolyte metabolism disorders, hyperosmolar coma induced. Diarrhea or vomiting caused by the absorption of carbohydrates will reduce the induced hypoglycemia.

Summer diabetic patients must pay attention to personal hygiene, regular bathing, changing in time, should pay attention to dry after washing the skin to maintain skin between toes dry and prevent bacteria and fungal infection.

Proper preservation of blood glucose test strip

High summer temperatures, air humidity, drugs easily perish. Treatment of diabetes drugs should be placed on preservation of shade. Such as insulin, may be saved in the refrigerator freezer, in the use of their hands before the application of heat to prevent crystal formation. Travel, the insulin should carry bag Add insulation. After damp Test Strips easily lead to errors in the monitoring results should be greater attention to packaging the use of paper packaging. Removed from the test box in a timely manner after the paper lid tightly to prevent entry of water.

about the diabetes-induced gingivitis

2009-04-26T15:03:00.001-04:00

Physical examination, Ms. Wong was found shortly before the high blood sugar, doctors said that her type of diabetes are critical. She repeatedly asked the doctor whether or not other medical history, she said there is no other, is often inflammation of the gums. The doctor said she may be related to the diabetes-related gingivitis. She does not understand how diabetes with gingivitis on this?
We know that gingivitis or gum inflammation, is one of the most common diseases, the incidence of adults and young people can be. Disease and local calculus of mechanical stimulation and body metabolism and Chinese medicine as "lit" is closely related to.

Because of high blood sugar to the subgingival bacteria provide a wealth of nutrition, so that the gingival tissue and microvascular obstruction, reduced utilization of oxygen gum; At the same time, the resistance of the lower body in patients with diabetes, decreased immune function and promote bacterial infection, especially anaerobic bacteria , which is exactly anaerobe gingivitis caused the "culprit."

Many patients with unexplained recurrent periodontal gingival inflammation, dental visit frequently can be annoying that "gingivitis", "periodontitis" has been unable to root. Stomatology doctor told them to Endocrinology for further examination, was diagnosed with diabetes. Endocrine practitioners diabetes control their condition, the gingivitis is also basically good.

Diabetic patients should normally mouthwash, ground brush, do not smoke, used to overcome bad habits such as mouth breathing, develop a good practice of the early morning defecation. Meal should be the law, it is necessary to slowly, and more fresh vegetables such as carrots, spinach, fungus, and adequate consumption of fruits, such as hawthorn, apple. Brush approach to the right, choose the best soft toothbrush toothbrush and replace every few months time. Once bleeding gums or toothache should be treated promptly. If the organization has been suffering from periodontal disease, early treatment should be.

A Look at Hair Loss and Diabetes

2009-04-26T15:02:00.000-04:00

Author: Jack Stanley

Some people with diabetes experience hair loss. Because the same condition have been observed in several patients with diabetes, it is not surprising to question whether diabetes is linked with hair loss. Indeed, studies and researches have shown that it has. A look at the reason facts about diabetes and hair loss to help us understand how these two are connected. Hair Basics Before we look at diabetes and hair loss link, it is important to first understand both diabetes and loss of hair. Head hair May seem to have no use other than as a technical aspect Enhancer. Nevertheless, it is still very much a part of the human body. Your hair will be likely to benefit or suffer from what you put into your body and everything that happens in your body in general. A hair grows from a root and the hair follicle located under the scalp. Hair is nourished by the blood that carries nutrients nourish the hair on the scalp and follicles. When your body does not have sufficient nutrients or when there is poor blood circulation in the body, hair and its growth is also affected. Hair Loss base It is also possible that there is really no direct link between diabetes and hair loss in some cases. There are several reasons why people lose their hair and it is essential to be able to achieve its case throughout the process of eliminating other possible causes of the disease. Another factor hair loss is by heredity and genetics. It is estimated that 95% of people suffering from hair loss have androgenetic alopecia, a condition of hair loss caused by hormonal activity in the body and by the individual genetics. Given that both androgenic alopecia and diabetes are hereditary, May it be more difficult to identify who is causing your hair loss. A look at the baldness of parents who are also diabetic May point the direction that the diabetes that is the cause hair loss and not the condition androgenic alopecia. Diabetes and hair loss The relationship between diabetes and hair loss can be determined by taking more careful consideration to the nature of diabetes and how it affects the body. Diabetes is a condition in which the body does not produce insulin or respond adequately to it. When that happens, glucose can not always between the body's cells to provide energy that the body needs. Since glucose was rejected by the body's cells and, therefore, has no place else to do, it will begin collecting in the blood. If you have a high blood sugar, fat deposits May also begin to set on the walls of blood vessels, hence, the obstruction of blood passages resulting from poor blood circulation and poor blood circulation. As indicated above, the hair of the key for growth and nutrition found in the blood. Having bad blood may mean the poor health of hair. In addition, poor blood circulation can also cause irritation of the skin and infections in diabetics. And since the scalp is still part of our skin, it is also suffering from poor blood circulation, resulting from hair loss. Conditions Diet People with diabetes both hair loss and May have time to deal with severe hair loss. Usual cases of hair loss are treated with nutritional supplements and proper diet. Those who have diabetes and hair loss, however, have to take into consideration the serious situation of diabetes. Eating an amount of unregulated even the most nutritious foods in May drastic result glucose spikes. Consult your doctor before dealing with your hair loss.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/diseases-and-conditions-articles/a-look-at-hair-loss-and-diabetes-510840.html

About the Author:

For info on signs of diabetes and diabetes statistics, visit the Diagnosing Diabetes website.

Anti-diabetic kidney disease: more than fish and eggs

2009-04-26T15:01:00.004-04:00

Diabetic nephropathy by renal failure caused by diabetes than non-high 17 times, in patients with diabetes, one of the leading cause of death. Early diabetic nephropathy and the prevention and treatment, in drug treatment at the same time, eating the same indispensable conditioning, we propose to choose more fish, eggs, poultry, lean meat, such as high-quality animal protein-rich food.

According to different sources of food protein, vegetable protein and can be divided into two major categories of animal protein. Vegetable protein comes mainly from cereals, tubers, and roots, dried fruits, nuts, etc., animal protein comes from fish, poultry, meat, eggs and milk.

It is worth mentioning that, plant protein, non-essential amino acid content of the high bioavailability of small, excessive intake may increase the burden on the kidneys, the prevention and treatment of adverse early diabetic nephropathy. Animal protein and high content of essential amino acids, the utilization of high nutritional value or, in particular in animal food or dairy, eggs, aquatic products, including better nutritional value of protein and is conducive to the protection of the kidney. Therefore, prevention and treatment of early diabetic nephropathy, in addition to control of glucose metabolism disorder, the selection of high quality protein diet is also essential.

In addition to a reasonable diet and food choices, control of blood sugar through the drug is still the prevention and reduction of the key early diabetic nephropathy. This is because once the clinical diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy has not reversible, even within the normal range of blood glucose can not stop the progress of renal failure, so early in the kidney blood glucose control in the framework of the ideal.

Where under the guidance of experienced physicians, according to the type of diabetes and the condition to select the insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents, as far as possible to near normal blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin standards. In early diabetic nephropathy, tight control of diabetes can often reduce urinary protein excretion. Patients with clinical diabetic nephropathy and renal failure have occurred in patients with insulin therapy should be selected. However, due to renal failure kidney's ability to reduce the degradation of insulin, as well as in patients with inadequate food intake, patients tend to reduce insulin requirements, easy to hypoglycemia, and some patients may be due to peripheral insulin receptor sensitivity to reduce the need for larger doses, so insulin dose adjustment must be based on individual circumstances.

9 types of pregnant women should be careful of diabetes

2009-04-26T15:01:00.003-04:00

In fact, in recent years with a typical example of these rare patients with diabetes. Gestational diabetes is even more atypical clinical manifestations, and most of the normal fasting blood glucose, easily missed diagnosis. Therefore, obstetricians will be 24-28 weeks pregnant women in all 50 grams of glucose load test to whether screening of pregnant women with diabetes. If the outcome is unusual, so further 75 grams oral glucose tolerance test, according to the results of diagnosis.
As a result of minor symptoms, pregnant women not to identify themselves, so having any of the following risk factors for gestational diabetes in pregnant women should be alert to the possibility of illness:

1. Obese persons. If pre-pregnancy body mass index more than 24 (body mass index = weight kilograms / height in square centimeters), should be more alert.

2. Aged over 30 years of age, especially pregnant women over the age of 35.

3. Family in patients with diabetes, especially first-degree relatives (including parents and siblings) have diabetes, I suffer from diabetes during pregnancy significantly increased the risk.

4. Routine examination of the urine during pregnancy are often positive for fasting glucose.

5. Repeatedly during pregnancy suffer from vulvovaginal candidiasis (or fungal vaginitis).

6. Previous pregnancy had unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion, fetal death, fetal malformation and so on.

7. Had birth weight more than 4 kg of fetus.

8. Who had suffered from gestational diabetes mellitus.

9. Identified during the course of the pregnancy the fetus than the actual gestational age or too much amniotic fluid there.

Pregnant women if the above does not necessarily indicate the occurrence of pregnancy Gestational diabetes, just to remind its risk factors, screening should be accepted in order to avoid delaying treatment.

Anti-diabetic hypoglycemia winter

2009-04-26T15:01:00.001-04:00

Mr. Xu with diabetes, a few days ago suddenly 2:00 sweating, palpitation, weak symptoms, family members rushed him to the hospital, found out by checking this symptom is caused by low blood sugar.

Many diabetic patients are often concerned about the high blood sugar, but ignore the dangers of low blood sugar.

In fact, the dangers of low blood sugar far more than high blood sugar. Persistent low blood sugar can lead to brain dysfunction, increased cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk of accidents, serious life-threatening. Patients with recurrent hypoglycemia will have irreversible brain damage, and abnormal heart function can.

From the clinical point of view, winter is the low night-time period of high blood sugar. Long winter nights as a short day, patients with diabetes under control in the diet, if not in time to add energy, easy to hypoglycemia reaction. Low blood sugar at night are usually in the morning at around 1-3, in addition to sweating, palpitation, the second day of early morning headaches, feeling weak is also a good night the night of the performance of low blood sugar, but diabetic patients tend to be ignored.

Diabetic patients with gastrointestinal problems caused by not eating a timely manner after the digestion and absorption, it will also respond to hypoglycemia. In order to prevent the occurrence of nocturnal hypoglycemia, in the choice of bedtime can slow the absorption of food, such as a cup of yogurt or low-fat milk, 3-5, such as biscuits. Diabetic patients with hypoglycemia at night may also be hypoglycemic drugs or excessive medication doses inappropriate time can be adjusted in the evening, under the guidance of a doctor of medicines and the quantity and time.

Hypoglycemia diabetes treatment is the most common and most important complications. At present, patients with diabetes a higher incidence of low blood sugar, but a lack of self-protection, which easily lead to a deterioration in their conditions. Therefore, diabetic patients to strengthen the awareness of low blood sugar, to master the knowledge necessary for prevention and treatment, diabetes treatment is essential. Once confirmed hypoglycemia attack should immediately eat biscuits or candy, and to monitor changes in blood sugar. Low blood sugar after eating, or has yet to correct a serious low blood sugar should be subject to the hospital for intravenous glucose. Low blood sugar after a timely adjustment to correct insulin or oral hypoglycemic drug dosage, eliminate the incentive to prevent the recurrence of low blood sugar.

Six "one" treatment of diabetes

2009-04-26T15:00:00.002-04:00

Diabetes is a lifelong disease, it is proposed that patients to learn how to make friends,

The same as far as possible every time to find a doctor, so that your condition he will have a more comprehensive understanding of the system.

Diabetes, it means that a heap of trouble from this haunting thing: Measurement of blood glucose, hypoglycemic agents service, injection of insulin, the type and dose adjustment of medication, food from time to time quantitative, not what to eat, what to eat, watch out for low blood sugar at any time ... ... Remember this article six of the "one", diabetes treatment will be easier.

1. The election of a treatment program

American Diabetes Association suggested that by "a program of three-step" approach in the treatment of diabetes, relatively simple and easy. Past that, life can be used as a stand-alone intervention in the treatment, the treatment of early diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. The practice has proved that the majority of patients failed to achieve the goal of blood glucose. Therefore proposed that "a program of three-step" approach, that is, with the intervention of life, the early drug use, as early as the joint, early use of insulin.

● The first step: to live intervention + metformin. 3 months blood sugar is not standard, the transition to the next step.

● Step two: There are three combinations - dual-dimethoxy GU + sulfonylurea drugs, metformin + insulin, metformin + rosiglitazone. Three months later, the blood sugar is still not ideal, the transition to the third step.

● The third step: in the above treatment based on insulin therapy to change the basis of intensive therapy.

2. To make a doctor friend

Diabetes is a lifelong disease, it is proposed and doctors to learn how to make friends, each with as much as possible to find a doctor, so that your condition he will have a more comprehensive understanding of the system, when your new symptoms occur, he can be made based on your medical history to determine a more correct and reasonable treatment. Can not solve the problems encountered, he would recommend that you visit the relevant sections, to save time, save costs, than by your own imagination better see a doctor Optional Section.

3. To bear in mind a target

Diabetes education has been going on for more than 20 years, but due to many factors, prevention and treatment of diabetic patients was still very little knowledge. We do not require diabetes can remember all the figures, but should bear in mind the most basic of fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose control standards, or what used to monitor blood glucose? In order to facilitate memory, we made a jingle for: "56 However, seven, seven or ten pretty close." That is, fasting blood glucose in the 5 to 6 cents Mount / L, postprandial blood glucose two hours in the 7 to 8 cents Mount / upgraded to an ideal standard, non-fasting blood glucose more than 7 cents Mount / L, 2 hours postprandial blood glucose less than 10 cents Moreton / promoted to general standards.

4. Comparison of the same day, blood glucose

Monitoring the same day of fasting and postprandial blood glucose, changes can be understanding of his illness, in order to provide the basis for dose adjustment. Such as: (1) morning, both fasting and postprandial glucose targets, indicating that the appropriate dose; (2) the morning of fasting and postprandial blood glucose are high, indicating that night and the morning dose of the drug need to be adjusted; (3) only fasting high blood sugar, blood glucose after breakfast standards, indicating that dose less than the night before last, the day before the breakfast dose is appropriate; (4) only high blood glucose after breakfast, fasting blood glucose target, indicating that the pre-breakfast dose insufficient should be increased, the night before last dose is appropriate. Some patients do not know the same day, fasting and postprandial blood glucose determination of the benefits and wonders of today, tomorrow, fasting blood glucose measured postprandial blood glucose test, so that the disease agent to guide observation and measurement on the same day as the meaning of major blood sugar. Such as: patients in a high postprandial blood glucose, but fasting blood glucose test, so it is difficult to know that the high postprandial blood glucose is due to the continuation from high fasting blood glucose, or simply a high postprandial blood glucose, and fasting blood glucose is normal. If the former, the night before and morning of the drug dose and food intake should be adjusted; if the latter, only the morning to adjust the drug dose and food intake on it.

5. Use of an exercise prescription

Speed: 100 steps per minute, 30 minutes.

Jogging: 110 steps per minute, 20 minutes.

Trot: 120 steps per minute, 10 minutes.

The movement time and velocity to quantify the exercise therapy can be simplified to make and easy to remember, a good operation. Approach is the beginning of meal 1 hour campaign, you can choose three kinds of way to the left of any one.

This method can be three kinds of movement calorie consumption 80 ~ 100 cards (0.33 ~ 0.42 kJ), lowering blood glucose 1 to 2 cents Mount / L.

6. Simplify the calculation of the day staple

Calculation of diabetes complicated diet, a simple method is introduced. The first height (cm) 105 obtained by the standard body weight, and then to the standard body weight by 5, to arrive at the daily staple food volume (g) of the. Such as: a 170 centimeters tall patients, the staple food of the volume of his day = (170-105) × 5 = 325 grams. Vice food every day is fixed, so the majority of diabetic patients can eat: 1 egg, milk 250 grams, 100 grams of lean meat, tofu 100 grams, 500 grams of vegetables, vegetable oil 15 grams.

How to drink water is important for diabetes

2009-04-26T15:00:00.001-04:00

All along, many people mistakenly believe that diabetes diabetes polyuria polydipsia is caused as a result of drinking too much, as long as the drink less, drink more than they can control symptoms of polyuria, so blind to control the water volume, even if the thirst do not want to drink water or as little as possible. Although this surface polyuria polydipsia symptoms, but the disease has increased (reduced blood volume, increased blood sugar level).

Patients with diabetes and more water, the actual loss of the added body, but also improve blood circulation, promote circulation, increase metabolism and elimination of ketones, such as the role is a kind of water loss on human protective response in diabetic patients will not be able to limit the drinking water, the water should also be appropriate. Diabetic patients because of absolute or relative lack of insulin, blood glucose at a high state of the hypothalamus stimulate the thirst center due to a sense of thirst after drinking can decrease or plasma osmolality returned to normal, played down the role of blood glucose, so that patients no longer thirsty. If the restrictions on drinking water, will increase the hypertonic state of very adverse conditions. Polyuria control from the start to control high blood sugar, and water control.

Experts point out that, at present, relatively dry weather, the human body a great amount of moisture loss. If you wait until thirsty to drink water, have been late. The human body because the water must reach a certain level, will have the feeling of thirst, mild water shortage does not necessarily cause obvious symptoms of thirst.

In that case, diabetes every day how much water to add?

Experts recommend that diabetics should also be the same as ordinary people, an average of 2500 milliliters per day of water, diet, some water, as well as 1600-2000 ml of water depends on the external supply of drinking water (200 ml cup 8-10 cup water). Diabetic patients have a choice of drinking water, weak tea, mineral water and other sugar-free drinks, sugary drinks and not suitable for drinking purposes.

In addition, the intake of protein foods, and exercise intensity, sweat, and bathed in such circumstances, should be the appropriate drink plenty of water. Milk, milk is added with diabetes a good drink of water. Daily drink of milk, milk calcium can improve the situation, milk also contains a certain amount of dietary fiber, and therefore more suitable for comparison obesity, high blood lipids, high blood pressure in patients with diabetes to drink.

Diabetic retinopathy will check before taking a plane

2009-04-26T14:59:00.000-04:00

Diabetes in the air before the blood sugar in addition to reasonable adjustments, the best eye and look up in order to prevent pressure changes in the fundus bleeding.

In the many complications of diabetes, retinopathy deeply hidden and difficult to be detected in patients, and two retinopathy, retinal blood vessels within the immersion in the "sugar", the vessel wall is very fragile, a little there are external forces can easily cause vascular rupture. Sudden departure of the aircraft landing and air pressure caused by turbulence when the plane, the body will appear to some extent the role of gravity and acceleration of changes in such pressure likely to cause retinal hemorrhage. At the same time, the opportunity before the as a result of moving luggage, so that vessels may have suffered from the impact of a pressure vessel wall minor "cracks", the patient does not feel the pressure of opportunity in another blow, the emergence of the possibility of retinal hemorrhage larger.

In the preparation of diabetic patients the best opportunity to do before a fundus angiography, be aware that if the disease in more than two, that is, eye shadow appears, a small bug-like things such as, the best choice to go out by train. In addition, if the recent signs of complications such as ketoacidosis or coronary heart disease, do not go out of. Retinopathy early for Friends of the sugar, it is necessary to develop a portable instrument and hypoglycemic blood sugar drug habit, the trouble in the air before the other, it is best to test your own blood glucose levels, and timely use of hypoglycemic drugs to maintain normal blood sugar level, in order to prevent accidents. At the same time, try not to move such heavy baggage.

Of course, retinopathy of "source" is the blood glucose fluctuations, therefore, blood glucose control in the scope of reasonable opportunity to ensure the safety of the "pass" to go out in the preparation of the previous two months, sugar-you have to pay special attention to blood sugar control, increase in the number of blood glucose testing and timely dosage adjustments, careful not to make your eyes tired, you can eat some food for eye protection, such as liver, carrots and so on.

An Introduction to Pre Diabetes

2009-04-26T14:58:00.000-04:00

Author: Tom Parker

Pre-diabetes, in simple terms, is a precursor to full type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes develops when your blood glucose/sugar levels become extremely high due to a lack of insulin in your body. Pre-diabetes occurs when your blood sugar levels are higher than normal, but not high enough to be classified as type 2 diabetes. Unlike type 2 diabetes, pre-diabetes can be reversed by making positive lifestyle changes. Therefore, it is a critical stage because by making the right choices you can avoid type 2 diabetes completely.

The exact causes of pre-diabetes are not fully understood but it is linked to a number of risk factors. Some of these risk factors (such as age, family history and race) are beyond your control. However, a number of the risk factors (including inactivity and obesity) are within your control. By maintaining a healthy body weight and doing more exercise you can reduce your risk of reverse pre-diabetes and halt the development of type 2 diabetes.

The symptoms of pre-diabetes are similar to those of type 2 diabetes, although they may not be as noticeable. If you find yourself becoming increasingly hungry or thirsty, urinating more frequently or vomiting regularly you may have pre-diabetes and should go see your doctor. They will then be able to perform various tests (including the fasting plasma glucose test and the oral glucose tolerance test) which will confirm whether you have pre-diabetes or not.

If you are diagnosed with pre-diabetes then you should be thankful because you have been given a final chance to evade full type 2 diabetes. Your doctor will be able to give you further advice on the positive lifestyle changes you should make. One of these changes will be to improve your diet by eating smaller meals more regularly, consuming adequate levels of fibre and eating lots of fruits and vegetables. Another change will be to become more active by doing a little exercise each day with walking, cycling, swimming or participating in team sports all excellent choices.

By implementing the above lifestyle changes you can keep your weight under control, moderate your blood sugar levels, increase your body's sensitivity to insulin and most importantly prevent type 2 diabetes from developing. An increasing number of people around the world are contracting diabetes with the latest estimates suggesting that over 200 million people worldwide have diabetes. Acting on your pre-diabetes now will allow you to avoid becoming part of these constantly increasing numbers.

Whilst every intention has been made to make this article accurate and informative it is intended for general information only. Diabetes is a medical condition and this article is not intended as a substitute for the advice of your doctor or a qualified medical practitioner. If you have any concerns regarding pre-diabetes or diabetes you should seek the advice of your doctor immediately.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/diseases-and-conditions-articles/an-introduction-to-pre-diabetes-516294.html

About the Author:

Tom Parker owns and operates a number of useful fitness resources and websites. The Free Fitness Tips blog provides you with fantastic, free advice on all aspects of fitness. For more detailed information on pre diabetes please visit Tom's Free Fitness Tips blog

high cellulose diet is good for diabetes patients

2009-04-25T18:06:00.001-04:00

Cellulose is a polysaccharide compounds. Crude fiber food, including cellulose, semi-crude fiber and lignin.

The role of cellulose:

① contribute to a variety of intestinal synthesis of vitamin E. coli.

② small proportion of cellulose, size large, in the gastrointestinal occupy a larger space, people have three square meals a sense, is conducive to weight loss.

③ bulky cellulose, after eating can stimulate the gastrointestinal tract, so that an increase in digestive juice secretion and gastrointestinal motility increased, constipation, diabetes can control.

④ high-fiber diet can slow down gastric emptying, intestinal transit time, the formation of soluble fiber in the gel, such as the role of intestinal sugar absorption by slowing down. Also by reducing intestinal hormones such as gastric inhibitory polypeptide or glucagon secretion, reduction of insulin to stimulate B cells to reduce insulin release and increased peripheral insulin receptor sensitivity, so that to enhance glucose metabolism.

⑤ In recent years, studies have proved to enable high-fiber diet in patients with type Ⅰ diabetes mellitus on mononuclear cells to increase insulin receptor binding, insulin requirements in order to save.

This shows that patients with diabetes to eat high-fiber diet, not only can improve high blood sugar, reduce insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs, dose, and is conducive to weight loss, but also prevention and treatment of constipation.

Cellulose-free food: chickens, ducks, fish, meat, eggs, etc.; food containing a large number of cellulose include: coarse grains, vegetables, beans and so on. Therefore recommended that the appropriate number of diabetic patients to eat beans and fresh vegetables, such as cellulose-rich food. At present, the plant fiber food, more than is rice bran, wheat bran, wheat bad, beet chip, pumpkin, corn bran and seaweed made from plants, to reduce blood glucose, blood lipids have a role.

The vulnerability of children with type 1 diabetes eating disorders

2009-04-25T18:05:00.002-04:00

Recently, Australia Flinders Medical Center, the two experts issued an official with type 1 diabetes on young people with eating disorders the relationship between the latest research. The results showed that people with type 1 diabetes of young people the same age, almost all young people most likely to suffer from various types of eating disorders among cases.

It is reported that two experts spent three months of treatment in 36 Flinders Medical Center, suffering from type 1 diabetes of the young people continue to study, in which the oldest was 19 years old and the youngest is 11 years old. In the follow-up study, about four of the study into a more serious overeating phenomenon, more than two young people into the half of the phenomenon of over-training, in addition to about a half percent of young people with type 1 diabetes patients are shown in order to reduce the weight of the body arising from the adverse health hazards of dietary behaviors. In other words, to participate in the study of young patients with type 1 diabetes, only less than one fifth showed no harmful symptoms of eating disorders.

For this discovery, the process involved in the study of medical experts, Dr. David Rupert said: "Most young people with diabetes is generally the shape of their intention to have more anxiety and worry about weight, so in order to to control it through the sudden change in eating habits to adjust, which is why a considerable number may be suffering from type 1 diabetes while young people have emerged the phenomenon of eating disorders, bulimia and anorexia but again the two most serious symptoms reasons. In fact, once the serious eating disorders of young people to a certain extent, it will cause more harm to the physical and mental health. For example, eating disorders affect the body's own blood sugar control, and if there are problems with blood sugar control, there may even be eye caused by diabetes and kidney disease and other diseases. "

Drinking coffee can reduce type 2 diabetes incidence

2009-04-25T18:05:00.001-04:00

A study by Danish scholars show that there are plenty of coffee may reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes rates.

Danish National Institute of public health and the environment of researchers in the 17,000 aged 30-60 years of age had a multi-year longitudinal study. They found that a daily cup of coffee Cup of not less than 7 people, than a day after a couple of drinks or fewer a low incidence of diabetes by 50%.

The researchers noted that while caffeine reduces insulin sensitivity, but the coffee in the other ingredients, such as magnesium and chlorogenic acid may have beneficial effects on the body. At the same time, the researchers cautioned that their study found that does not mean that people can drink coffee unrestrained, because the side effects of coffee can not be ignored, so whether or not to drink coffee, as well as the daily consumption should vary from person to person.

Coping With Diabetes

2009-04-25T18:03:00.000-04:00

Author: Jack Stanley

Diabetes is a disease that affects many people, it can strike at any time of their lives. If you have diabetes you want to be active in managing your self-care. The more you control your self-care, the more you take control of your health. May you find information on diabetes from a variety of sources, including your doctor. When managing your care, your doctor will encourage you to take responsibility for the care of your diabetes and your will be responsible for you self-care. Be aware that self-care for diabetes does not occur only after the diagnosis of diabetes, If you are in the category of risk of developing diabetes that you should keep an eye on what happens to your body and monitor the symptoms of diabetes. Regular schedule appointments for exams with your doctor. Diabetics who received a diagnosis must be diligent with their care, so that they maintain their health and avoid complications that arise so often as a result of diabetes. Some of the things that a person with diabetes can do to practice self-care are (1) see their doctor regularly, (2) have an annual eye exam to check for any of the related conditions that the eye can occur if a person has diabetes, (3) have an annual dentist, (4) stop smoking, (5) eat a healthy and balanced diet, (6) take care of feet, because diabetes will affect the amount of blood that reaches the feet. Once a person with diabetes has taken the habit of self care and help manage their diabetes, they feel they have more say in their care. There are a variety of other sources, as a Diabetes Care Center, which can provide assistance to obtain medical information. A centre of care for diabetics is providing information to help you with many aspects of your health, including: planning and a balanced diet; administering medication, planning medical examinations are necessary and emotional support loan you and your family. Diabetes Care Centers are also actively involved in research to cure diabetes. Although diabetes is a genetic disease, it can strike at any moment, especially in the years to come. That is one reason why it is so important to maintain a healthy weight and do a sort of regular exercise. If you're at risk because of a predisposition within your family or because you do not take care of yourself, consult your doctor at least once a year to ensure early detection.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/diseases-and-conditions-articles/coping-with-diabetes-510847.html

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Read about signs of diabetes and diabetes statistics at the Diagnosing Diabetes website.

Eat more soy to combat the complications of diabetes

2009-04-25T18:02:00.000-04:00

Modern studies have proved soy on health in many ways useful, if similar to the role of estrogen. Cite here the two most recent role.

United Kingdom, "Journal of Nutrition" Some people think that the benefit of soy and heart disease prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy. They studied 14 cases of 53 ~ 73-year-old diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic male patients. A group to the purified soybean protein powder, another group of white powder to the meat of animals are seasoned with vanilla, mixed with the original beverage or food to eat.

The outcome of patients who eat soy protein protein in urine volume reduced by about 10%, indicating an improvement in diabetic nephropathy, and to eat animal protein in urine of patients with increased protein. Eating soy protein and blood in patients with high-density lipoprotein (HDL, also known as the "good cholesterol") increased by 4%. And HDL is easy to reduce complications of cardiovascular disease.

Diabetic nephropathy at an early stage of protein should be added. The researchers had anticipated that after the soy protein supplement protein in urine is not increased, but did not expect to reduce, and increase HDL blood also reduced the chance of cardiovascular disease complications. Therefore appears to be should eat less meat soybeans.

The United Kingdom "Urology" magazine in Australia, experts believe that soy can prevent prostate cancer. Because the incidence of prostate cancer with androgen-related, and generally that contain soy phytoestrogens (ie, the role of estrogen similar to the plant components), may be offset by the role of androgen. They diagnosed 29 cases of prostate cancer patients prepared for surgery were divided into 3 groups: Group soybeans, soybean plus flaxseed group (high phytoestrogen) and the wheat group (low phytoestrogen). The first two groups each with 50 grams of soybean meal or cooked together with linseed powder made of 20 grams of bread daily doses for patients. Determination of the beginning and the pre-surgery blood prostate-specific antigen (PSA), free PSA, testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, free androgen index and other indicators of dihydrotestosterone. The results showed that the total group of soybean meal and free PSA / total PSA ratio than those in the control group improved significantly.

Previous epidemiological studies that there are plenty of men Phytoestrogen the risk of prostate cancer less. In this study, PSA is an important diagnostic indicator of prostate cancer, it reduced the prostate cancer that has improved. Therefore, the work of epidemiological studies and the results were consistent.

Of course, these two studies is only preliminary, because the number of cases is not more research remains to be further expanded. However, moderate use of soy, no harm beneficial, can be as therapeutic.

diet of osteoporosis in diabetes patients

2009-04-24T09:10:00.001-04:00

Osteoporosis is a phalanx unit volume in the organization to reduce the production of bone mass syndrome, the most commonly found in elderly or postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, and increased with age become more pronounced. The main performance of the Department for low back pain or even the whole body, spinal deformation, fracture easily and so on, to the lives of the elderly a lot of inconvenience.

What people tend to suffer from Osteoporosis?

• lack of estrogen secretion, such as postmenopausal women.

• obesity.

• Lack of physical activity.

• the lack of dietary calcium and protein are.

• 70-year-old or older men.

• diabetic patients more easily than normal risk of osteoporosis.

How to effectively prevent and treat diabetes in patients with osteoporosis?

• continue to adhere to the golden rule of diet therapy.

• an appropriate increase in calcium intake, the elderly daily 1000 ~ 1200mg / day of calcium-rich foods are dairy products, soy products and some seafood, vegetables, fruits, etc. (see the Food and calcium attached). The key to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis is adequate calcium intake and promote the absorption of calcium in food.

• the maintenance of normal calcium and phosphorus ratio of food. When the ratio is less than 1:2, the bones will dissolve and break away from the calcium increase, it is proposed to maintain the level of 1:1 or 2:1.

• Adequate intake of high quality protein and vitamin C help absorption of calcium. Lactalbumin in the milk, egg albumin, albumin bone in bone contain collagen and elastin, can promote the synthesis of bone, so dairy products, soy products are a good source of calcium; vitamin C on the plastic beneficial to the original synthesis.

• Vitamin D and vitamin A. Vitamin D to promote calcium absorption, and is conducive to the ossification of calcium, in addition to adequate vitamin D but also more than the sun; vitamin A bone organic matter involved in the synthesis of collagen and mucopolysaccharides, the elderly should be a daily intake of vitamin A 800 micrograms of vitamin A sources include egg yolk, liver, yellow red vegetables, and fruit.

• Science of cooking in order to promote the absorption of calcium. Cereals and certain vegetables such as rape, water spinach, also contain more calcium, but because of the phytic acid in cereals and vegetables contain oxalic acid with calcium into insoluble calcium salts affect the absorption of calcium. Therefore they should not be directly related to calcium with the food cooking. Attention to cooking methods can effectively remove the factors that impede the absorption of calcium.

• cheuk vegetables you use boiling water to dissolve in water and then oxalic acid first.

• rice soaked in water before washing to increase the activity of phytase.

• the flour, corn meal, soybean meal fermentation and extended fermentation time, will enable the phytic acid hydrolysis, so that increase in intracellular calcium.

• Avoid excessive alcohol consumption, so as not to affect the absorption of calcium.

With regard to the specificity of dairy products: milk proteins and diabetic patients is an important source of calcium, especially women, with dairy products must be to prevent the loss of calcium from the bones and the occurrence of osteoporosis, and adult males taken at least daily into 250 ml milk, 225 mg calcium; children, youth, women (including pregnancy, breast-feeding or post-menopausal), should be a day to ensure that the milk intake of 500 ml.

Calcium milk: 250 ml of milk = 200 ml yogurt = 40 grams cheese

Dietary treatment of diabetes

2009-04-24T09:09:00.003-04:00

① control of daily intake of total calories to achieve or maintain ideal body weight;

② a balanced diet;

③ Select the diversification of food, cereal is the foundation;

④ limit fat intake;

⑤ appropriate choice of high quality protein;

⑥ reduce or taboo monosaccharide and disaccharide food;

⑦ high dietary fiber diet;

⑧ reduce salt intake;

⑨adhere to less food more times, from time to time, quantitative, set meals;

⑩ water, limiting alcohol consumption.

Diabetes and eating arrangements for constipation

2009-04-24T09:09:00.001-04:00

Constipation, in general, more than 48 hours interval stool, dry stool, causing constipation defecation is called dry. Due to different causes of constipation can be divided into spastic, obstructive, inability of the three. Which is unable to constipation and intestinal wall can not cause muscle contraction, the most common in the elderly. Especially diabetes, high blood sugar lead to nerve dysfunction more easily lead to difficult defecation or abdominal distension, abdominal pain, very painful. There is no device on the lesion of constipation, and dietary regulation and control methods can be treated:

• to increase the intake of dietary fiber. 1 Dayton Daily eat coarse grains, eat more vegetables, seaweed, konjac food.

• encourage more drinking water. 1 cup light morning fasting saline, the prevention and treatment of constipation will be very effective.

• Vitamin B1 may protect neurons and promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, eat more foods rich in vitamin B1, such as coarse grains, wheat bran, beans, lean meat and so on.

• the appropriate consumption of lettuce, radish, beans, such as gas food, stimulate the intestinal peristalsis, in favor of defecation.

• Movement should be increased appropriately, in particular, abdominal strength training can increase the levator ani sports daily.

• If yes, do not have food or use of irritating condiments such as pepper, curry powder, strong tea and so on. Purge, when necessary, use drugs, but should choose the role of attention to the relative ease of substances such as Tongbianling, Runchang Cannabis pills, spleen Huizi Cannabis pills, Qing-ling new films, such as the use of strong laxatives senna, phenolphthalein and so on, at the same time not too large amount to prevent diarrhea. Long-term use of laxatives, intestinal muscle relaxation allows deformation, but will increase the constipation.

Note: the application of the drug just purge from time to time in order to help cultivate the good habit of defecation. Taking a day before going to bed at night, the following morning fasting stool from time to time ranked first, with the passage of time can develop bowel habits, no longer need the drugs.

Diabetic patients, it is not appropriate salt

2009-04-24T09:08:00.002-04:00

For the understanding of diabetes, the doctor is usually restricted diet, in particular, is to limit the consumption of foods with high sugar content, as an important method to guide the prevention and treatment of patients. However, restricted salt intake is very little attention.

Modern medical research shows that too much salt, with enhanced amylase activity and the promotion of starch digestion, intestinal absorption and promote the role of free glucose, can cause increased blood glucose concentration and increase the disease. Therefore, diabetic patients, it is not appropriate salt.

Attention to elements of diet diabetic nephropathy

2009-04-24T09:08:00.001-04:00

Diabetic nephropathy is not satisfied with the diabetes control after one of the serious complications. Once the occurrence of renal dysfunction, ranging from high blood pressure, whole body is weak; in the reproductive dysfunction, edema, men impotence, testicular atrophy, etc.; heavy loss of life is entirely self-care ability, and even may be killed.

Therefore, diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy requires a high degree of vigilance, from the very beginning, should strengthen self-care and self-prevention, in particular, to proceed from the diet to reduce the pressure on the kidneys.

A, blood glucose control important to lose. Sustained increase in blood sugar, cholesterol can induce lipid metabolism, and promote glomerular. Intimal thickening of capillary sclerosis kidney degeneration and loss of normal function. First, the key to control blood sugar restricted calorie intake, and the other is adhering to taking hypoglycemic drugs, Wang is to avoid emotional infection can cause blood glucose fluctuations in a variety of factors.

B, salt intake should be restricted. In order to protect the kidney, reducing its work load, diabetes tasteless as far as possible a number of dishes, salt intake should be less than 7 grams per day, severe renal failure when the water intake should be restricted.

C, appropriate restrictions on the intake of potassium and protein. Because of diabetic nephropathy extremely acidosis and hyperkalemia occur, the event will be induced by cardiac rhythm disorders and hepatic coma, therefore, should be measured potassium content soft drinks, fruit potassium intake should be controlled c protein per kilogram of body weight per day 0.6-0.8 grams, and to digest the fish, lean meat is better because the plant protein is not easy to absorb, will increase the burden on the kidneys. In addition, high potassium content of protein in the control of protein intake and to some extent, limited in favor of potassium.

D, adequate intake of vitamins, trace elements. In particular vitamin B, vitamin C and zinc, calcium, iron, etc., may be protective to the kidneys. Kim vicon many kinds of trace elements, the proportion of appropriate, easy to take and one can a day. Vitamin E is available to 11 international units per day, 0.3 grams of vitamin C daily, the volume of their larger number of no harm.

Can diabetics eat fruit?

2009-04-24T09:07:00.002-04:00

Diabetes is common in the elderly, poor control can lead to some complications. Treatment commonly used diet, exercise, drugs fit, in which diet is the basis of all therapy. For light diabetes, diet only to control the disease.

The basic principles of diet therapy is based on the patient's weight and activity levels, it is estimated that the total calories needed and reasonable arrangements for the daily diet. High sugar content do not eat food containing fat and foods rich in starch, with the main types of eating vegetables, grains, with a certain number of high quality protein foods such as lean meat, milk, eggs, soy products and so on. Fruits have sugar, it can eat fruit?

Ring to avoid the fruit is completely inappropriate, because the fruit contains a large number of vitamins, cellulose and minerals, which is useful for diabetics. Fruit with the sugar are glucose, fructose and sucrose, fructose in the metabolism of which do not need to participate in insulin, so diabetics control the blood sugar has been excluded from the fruit is not all.

Furthermore, the amount of sugar content of fruit mixed in, so can not be equated. Amount of food below 10 grams of green plum, watermelon, melon, coconut milk, orange, lemon, grape, peach, plum, apricot, loquat, pineapple, strawberry, sugar cane, coconut, cherries, olives, such as, diabetes can selection. 11-20 grams of sugar in the fruit are bananas, pomegranates, grapefruit, orange, apple, pear, litchi, mango, etc., you must choose carefully; more than 20 grams of jujube, red, especially the dry date, dates, dried persimmons , raisins, longans and so on, its very high sugar content, the food taboos.

A lot of fruit and vegetables can be used as food, such as tomato, cucumber, snake melon, etc..sugar content of food in the following five grams, but also rich in vitamins, can be replaced by fruit, suitable for human consumption, diabetes mellitus, may be promoting.

In addition will have to match the food, not static. 4% sugar content of watermelon, pear 12% sugar, bananas 20%. Although small watermelon sugar, but eat 500 grams, the equivalent of 100 grams of bananas, pears had 170 grams, it can not be too much food. Should also pay attention to eat fruit, do not eat immediately after a meal, or in between meals to eat before going to bed. It would be best to test the food, that is, measured two hours after eating sugar. Reduction would increase if the urine; such as fruit sugar is still high after reduction should be appropriate to reduce the amount of staple food.

Patients with diabetes should be eating food rich in fiber

2009-04-24T09:07:00.001-04:00

Dietary fiber rich fruits, vegetables and cereals can help control blood sugar levels for diabetics.

The benefit of the richest dietary fiber control Tam steroids, is a well known fact, but the rich fiber diet is also beneficial to control blood sugar, or a doubt controversial. American Diabetes Association's current guidelines is that a day should eat 20-35 grams of fiber. Some researchers have proposed, whether to increase fiber consumption, and can further control the blood sugar? Then tested. 12 men and one woman were suffering from diabetes, they test the two restaurants, each continued for 6 weeks. The first contains 24 grams dietary fiber per day, the second contains 50 grams of dietary fiber per day. The result of eating 50 grams of fiber per day diet, led to a significant drop in blood sugar. On average, high-fiber diet to make the 8.9 percent decline in blood glucose levels.

1,2 Diabetes diet therapy in patients

2009-04-24T09:06:00.000-04:00

Diet therapy is a reasonable treatment of all types of diabetes, but dietary control of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes require a different focus.

Type 1 diabetes on the request of focus from time to time in addition to diet, quantitative and set a good meal outside the grasp of insulin, diet and activity among the balance between each other, according to the increase or decrease the volume of activities, flexibility to adjust insulin, diet and meal times.

Obese patients with type 2 diabetes on the request of the focus is to limit the dietary intake of total calories, so weight loss to improve insulin sensitivity, thus improving the clinical symptoms.

The American Diabetic Diet

2009-04-24T09:04:00.001-04:00

Author: Matthew Rizos

Over 1 million Americans are diagnosed with diabetes every year and over 200,000 deaths are attributed to the disease. If you have been diagnosed with diabetes, or if you simply want to take better care of how you eat, it is to your benefit to follow the American Diabetic Diet in order to keep your diabetes under control.

Both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetics must learn to follow a diabetic diet plan in order to stay healthy. When following the right meal plan, such as the American Diabetic Diet, diabetic patients are able to effectively control their blood sugar without the need for medications.

The reason the American Diabetic Diet is so highly effective is because it comprises all food groups. The American Diabetic Diet plan recommends food high in mono unsaturated fats or polyunsaturated fats and low in saturated fats. Most of the calories recommended in the American Diabetic Diet come primarily from carbohydrates, second from fats, then from proteins.

The American Diabetic Diet is to be followed daily and carries the following recommendations:
-5 portions fresh fruit and vegetables (spinach, broccoli and carrots)
-6 portions whole grains (cereals, bread and pasta)
-2 portions (meat, fish or chicken)
-Dairy products (eggs, skim milk, non-fat cheese, yogurt even low-fat ice cream)

Everyone's make-up is different, so too are their bodily requirements. Some require high calorie consumption. The American Diabetic Diet accommodates this group of people.

The American Diabetic Diet plan for the people requiring 1200-1600 calorie consumption includes:
-Three portions fruits and vegetables
-Two portions milk, yogurt and meat
-Three portions of fats
-Six portions of starches

The American Diabetic Diet plan for people requiring 1600-2000 calorie consumption includes:
-Three portions fruits
-Four portions vegetables
-Two portions milk, yogurt and meat
-Four portions of fats
-Eight portions of starches

The American Diabetic Diet plan for diabetic people requiring 2000-2400 calorie consumption include:
-Three portions fruits
-Four portions vegetables
-Two portions milk, yogurt and meat
-Five portions of fats
-Eleven portions of starches

Popular belief is that diabetic people are not to eat sweets. This is not always the case. The American Diabetic Diet recommends eating sweets but in limited amounts. It is important to eat low-calorie sweets or artificial sweeteners as a substitute for sugar.

The American Diabetic Diet plan is helpful not only for people suffering from diabetes, but for everyone. People who have diabetes have the same nutritional needs as everyone else. The need for regular exercise is also the same for those with diabetes as it is for those without.

Incorporating exercise and the American Diabetic Diet, along with individually prescribed medications, are essential for managing diabetes. By having a well-balanced diet and choosing the right types of foods, the diabetic can move their blood sugar back towards regular levels. Controlling blood glucose levels is the primary goal of the American Diabetic Diet.

Be healthy and live a longer, happier life through the American Diabetic Diet. Prior to implementing the American Diabetic Diet, please consult your health care physician.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/diseases-and-conditions-articles/the-american-diabetic-diet-492964.html

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Get an expanded list of ingredients for the American Diabetic Diet

The principle of diabetic diet taboo

2009-04-23T12:26:00.001-04:00

Bad food: sugar, brown sugar, glucose and sugar sweets system, if the sugar, cakes, jams, honey, candied fruit, ice cream and so on.

Deprivation: potatoes, yams, taro, lotus root, onion, carrots, lard, cream, butter, peanuts, walnuts, sunflower seeds, egg yolk, liver and kidney, and brain.

Good food: coarse grains such as buckwheat, oatmeal, cornmeal, soybeans and soybean products, vegetables.

In the course of treatment in patients with diabetes tend to cause hypoglycemia, lower blood sugar too quickly when there were hypoglycemia. Adult patients with diabetes mellitus usually omit or delay meals or meal hypoglycemia caused by fierce sports. Minor symptoms of hypoglycemia including mouth numbness, skin cold and wet, the feeling of chest fibrillation and hunger. How is it treated? You only need to use ready-made sugar. Drink sweet drinks, for example, juice or soft drinks Weicheng, or eat a piece of sugar, and carry candy, just in case.

Elderly patients with diabetes diet Notices

2009-04-23T12:25:00.003-04:00

First of all, we decided to allow patients with a daily food intake of total calories. Under normal circumstances, is based on daily per kilogram body weight 104.5 kJ (25 kcal) to the calculation, in which protein accounted for 12% -20% (200 ml per day to ensure that dairy products, eggs 1 50-100 grams of fish , meat or poultry, 50-100 grams of soy products); fat, 20% -30% (to control the daily intake of edible oil 50 grams or less): carbon-water

Compounds accounted for 50% -65% (daily rice intake of 350 grams less than control). Food diversification is to obtain a necessary condition for overall nutrition, it should be thick with staple food, non-staple food have and avoid eating high-cholesterol animal offal, such as egg yolk.

In determining the daily volume, the patients should be less food more times(at least 5-6 times a day), which is to maintain stable blood sugar is good. Because the elderly are mostly type 2 diabetes, the body still a certain degree of insulin secretion, coupled with reduced activity, the ability of low blood sugar tolerance than younger patients with poor, small amount of food to avoid eating more than the burden of insulin or blood sugar too high, regular meals can be more than the prevention of hypoglycemia, the maintenance of stable blood sugar, reduce the occurrence and development of various types of complications, and to ensure the quality of life of elderly patients.

Food can be divided into three meals, eat one main meal two hours, a place to stay snacks. In order to eat convenience food overall points. Such as Breakfast: 250 ml of milk, a boiled egg, 50 grams of oatmeal, fresh milk can be boiled oatmeal, eat snacks, when boiled egg. Lunch: rice, vegetables, fish or meat, etc., may be eating the main meal of rice, 25 meter, you can nap after eating a medium-sized (100-125 grams) of fruit (eg apples, oranges, pears, kiwi, grapefruit, etc. ). Taking into account the fruit contains about 6% of glucose, eat a day if the patients with 1-2 medium-sized fruit, 25 grams of staple food should be reduced. Dinner with the lunch, the amount set aside may be based on individual preferences, before going to bed half an hour plus a small serving cups yogurt (preferably sugar-free), and two biscuits or a small glass of milk increases, but also to eat a fruit.

Good habits will help older people to prevent diabetes

2009-04-23T12:25:00.001-04:00

Diabetes is a very common health hazards of the disease, but not the prevention of this disease is not. Chinese newspaper the United States "newspaper" the latest report said that although older people susceptible to diabetes, but if we can actively prevent, or believe that their incidence can be a certain degree of control.

Reported that the prevention of diabetes in the elderly should do the following: First of all, to light diet and avoid bulimia, eating sweets, animal fats and refined foods, eat more coarse grains, fish, vegetables, soy products and fruits; The second should appropriate physical exercise and to participate in manual labor; third in the meal to carry out outdoor activities, should not be sleeping in bed immediately. Fourth, we should control the weight gain and prevent obesity. Weight control diet should not be used to promote the method, and should be adopted and sporting and other methods; the Fifth should be regularly checked blood sugar, urine sugar and blood fat, prevent atherosclerosis, early detection of ill will in order to take timely measures to treatment.

Principles of diabetes meal arrangements

2009-04-23T12:24:00.000-04:00

Meal arrangements for patients with diabetes mellitus during the treatment is an important element. "Eat" the basic knowledge of the patient to grasp, because patients are eating their own arrangements for accommodation, only in case of severe disease only in the hospital.

Some patients to eat food that will increase blood sugar, eat food will be able to control diabetes, this understanding is not correct. Food is essential, the diet of diabetic patients should still have enough heat in a balanced diet, according to the patient's weight and labor intensity, and the development of their total daily calorie requirements. The total heat of 50% -55% should come from carbohydrates, mainly to provide food; 15% -20% of the calories provided by protein; the remaining 25% -30% of the calories provided by fat, fat, including cooking oil . If you do not eat or eat very little food, the heat supply of protein and fat on the long run, patients with arteriosclerosis, cerebral thrombosis, cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction and lower extremity vascular stenosis or occlusion of a much greater chance of having an accident. Do not eat food, but also prone to ketosis.

Currently on the market a "sugar-free" food, generally refers to these foods do not add sugar, instead of using the sweetener made from sweeteners and flour to eat a variety of food production, such as flour or rice flour Food should be the staple food in the amount of provisions, but also can not eat, and eat after the blood sugar is elevated.

Since not dare to eat sweets, eat more meat, etc. Can it? Eating too much meat, there will be patients with elevated blood lipids and increase the incidence of coronary heart disease the opportunity to heat meat to provide high patient easily fat. Therefore, intake of meat products should be included in the distribution of protein and fat volume.

In addition, diabetic patients should be low-salt diet, low fat, eat more fresh vegetables. Patients with diabetes control diet is a balanced diet of total calories. Calories based on food, we have developed an exchange of food, each of 90 kcal. For example, 25 grams of rice is 1, 200 grams of apples is 1. If a patient required to heat 1,800 kcal per day is 20. Food accounted for 10, ate 1 apple 25 grams of rice to eat. Eat fruits should also be included in the total calories, and they should not eat meals at the same time, but as snacks between meals, so that more appropriate arrangements. Way exchange of food, patients need to know. The relationship between diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease is a systemic metabolic disorders will lead to the fact that coronary heart disease has been recognized by scholars at home and abroad. Another survey showed that the age of 36 ~ 62-year-old in 5209 who carried out the 20-year observation study showed that in diabetic patients, both men and women, different age groups, the incidence of cardiovascular disease are diabetic group was higher than non-diabetic group.

Diabetic patients with coronary heart disease causes of increased morbidity is not very clear, but easily lead to diabetes atherosclerosis has been recognized. Most scholars believe that obesity, hypertension, hyperlipoproteinemia, high blood sugar, hyperfibrinogenemia (that is, insulin resistance syndrome), these elements are inseparable. Fat so that the biological role of insulin in some people being undermined, that is, these people have the body to insulin resistance, in order to ensure normal blood glucose level, pancreatic β-cell secretion than normal must be high several times, and even a few times of insulin , the formation of hyperinsulinemia, but also resulted in elevated blood sugar, blood triglyceride levels, HDL  C lowering elevated plasma fibrinogen, which are all atherosclerosis risk factors. At the same time, insulin itself also has to promote atherosclerosis and, accordingly, oral hypoglycemic agent methyl urine or category, such as injecting insulin through different channels so that blood insulin levels, which may further aggravate the pathological changes of vascular sclerosis.

In addition, when diabetic patients with coronary heart disease, coronary heart disease in some of the clinical symptoms appear late or to conceal, but also should be of great importance to clinicians. Because of diabetic neuropathy can affect any part of the nervous system, especially the ending, when the patient's damaged nerve endings, the pain threshold increased, even if there were serious myocardial ischemia, pain is also not a typical minor, or even no angina symptoms, painless high incidence of myocardial infarction and shock, heart failure, sudden death is also more complications, more serious prognosis. Therefore, diabetic patients should be under the guidance of doctors, scientific control of blood sugar, and regularly to the hospital to check the heart, to be a reasonable diet and physical activity to reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease and improve quality of life of patients.

How To Assess Your Diabetes Health Risk

2009-04-23T12:23:00.000-04:00

Author: Daniel Millions

Preventing a diagnosis of diabetes is much easier than one might think, especially when it comes to the diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes. If you think that you may be among the millions of individuals who are at risk for developing either Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes, it would be best to make an urgent appointment with your primary physician so that a preventative plan can be developed if it's not already too late. However, here is some basic information on diabetes that you may need to know, and some information about how to prevent the disease as well.

Type 1 versus Type 2 Diabetes: There is a major difference between the two basic diabetes health risks. In the first type of Diabetes, Type 1, the body fails to produce necessary insulin that is required for the body to process glucose from the blood that is eventually converted to glycogen. This type of Diabetes Mellitus usually requires a person to have insulin injections for the time that they have the disease. There are many ways to manage this type of Diabetes health problem and chances are that your doctor will guide you very carefully through the process.

On the other hand, Type 2 Diabetes is the most preventable type of Diabetes between the two types. However, this form of Diabetes Mellitus is when the body does produce insulin, but not enough of it is produced by the body and results in a build-up of the glucose in the blood instead of going to the other necessary cells in the body that need it to fuel energy. While both types of diabetes that have been discussed increases a person's risk for developing other health problems as well, Diabetes Type 2 increases an individual's risk for developing heart disease, nerve and kidney damage, as well as blindness.

Diabetes Prevention: Since both Diabetes Type 1 and Type 2 do pose serious health problems for many people throughout the world, it's very important that individuals do everything they can to prevent it. Doctors and health professionals are now able to diagnose when someone is in the stage of "pre-diabetes," and this should send a huge flag to both doctor and patient that something needs to be done to help prevent the disease.

A Diabetes prevention program might be in place for those that are borderline Diabetes Type 2, and these program regimens may include activities such as a routine exercise schedules and strict diets that may help the individual. In fact, the American Diabetes Association has conducted research that shows that a simple lifestyle change that includes 30 minutes of exercise each day and some body fat and weight loss can be combined to significantly reduce diabetes and "pre-diabetes" in those patients who are at risk for developing the condition.

In addition to a Diabetes prevention program that might be in place for those who are at risk for developing Diabetes, there are also other things that a person can include in his or her diet to ward off the disease altogether. For example, studies have shown that the incorporation of coffee and green tea beverages in a person's diet will even tremendously reduce the risk of a person developing a Diabetes health risk.

When it comes right down to it, those who are diagnosed with a pre-diabetes condition and those who think they might be in the process of developing a Diabetes disease, especially Type 2, do have several doors open to them that will aid in the prevention of it. Of course, a patient should always consult his or her doctor before making any decisions at all, and the physician is perhaps the best person to ask about what can be done for one's Diabetes health condition.

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Diabetic diet

2009-04-23T12:21:00.000-04:00

1, to ensure that the balance of various nutrients and metabolic needs, both to diabetes treatment was a normal life, but also to maintain normal weight, maintain health and function properly.

2, according to the degree of patients with obesity and labor intensity to determine the total calories of fat weight and ultra-low calorie diet (1000-1400 kcal / day) is appropriate, wasting the daily total calories should be increased to maintain normal nutrition.

3, with a reasonable diet: After determining the total heat of the three major nutrients - carbon compound water, protein,
Fats and vitamin mix reasonable.

1, choose complex carbohydrates and soluble materials containing carbohydrates such as cellulose; beans, wheat, rice, tubers, and roots and hard fruit.

2, to promote high-fiber foods, such as: cereals, beans, seaweed type, green vegetables, pumpkins and so on.

3, to choose to be rich in amino acids or a higher quality animal protein such as: lean meat, fish, eggs, excessive chicken, milk, etc., in which fat intake should be appropriate for unsaturated fatty acids, salt intake control in 10g / day.

In short, the diet of diabetic patients must pay attention to nutritional balance, diet diversification, mainly in plant foods, adequate protein restriction, strict restrictions on fat, tobacco, alcohol and sugary drinks.

Gestational diabetes diet control

2009-04-22T09:22:00.004-04:00

Like other types of diabetes, gestational diabetes diet management is essential for the control of diabetes. However, due to pregnancy the mother that they need not only nutrition, but also your baby's growth and development for the provision of nutrition, diet management requirements so with other types of diabetes is different. So how a balanced diet in order to ensure effective control of blood sugar, while the smooth passage of the mother during pregnancy, gestational diabetes is the key to the management of women's diet.

The major food nutrients, including carbohydrates, protein, fat, minerals, vitamins and so on. The diet of women with gestational diabetes mellitus three nutrients (ie carbohydrate, protein and fat) ratio and the other types of diabetic diet is similar, but different:

A, carbohydrate

① still grains, starchy vegetables and beans as the main source, especially with a high cellulose oatmeal, brown rice and whole wheat bread better.

② fruit of strawberries, pineapple and kiwi, etc. due to soluble fiber, vitamins and minerals and should be preferred. However, bananas, sugar cane, longan and grapes should not eat high sugar content.

③ from green leafy vegetables can offer a lot of vitamins, minerals and crude fiber, can adjust the taste of pregnant women to adapt to the eating habits of pregnant women, because of low sugar content, so do not limit consumption.

④ sugar, honey, chocolate, dessert, such as disaccharides, monosaccharide food should be avoided as far as possible.

Second, protein

Pregnancy when the protein must be met, because the protein is not only the uterus and placenta to maintain normal development of the important nutrients, but also for the normal development of the fetus is also very important. The best food sources of protein milk, dairy products, eggs, fish and soy products.

Third, minerals

① Iron: Iron is the main material of blood. Pregnancy when the mothers need more iron supplementation, and fetal liver also need more iron storage in order to leave their mothers after birth, when unable to get adequate iron supplementation can use their own blood.

② Calcium: 1200mg per day should be able to guarantee the added calcium, as calcium for fetal bone development is very important.

③ folic acid: normal pregnancy increased by 2 times the requirement and should therefore eat more folic acid and some with less impact on blood sugar food, such as green leafy vegetables (such as spinach and kale), beans, animal liver, orange and whole-wheat flour.

IV, vitamin

Vitamin D: when the requirements of pregnancy increased by adding a conditional vitamin D when the drinking of milk, or a more simple way is to take a walk every day in the sun.

Vitamin B, C group: only a slight increase in demand, and in many foods have a considerable content, which is generally not a lack of supply is not necessary in particular.

A large number of patients with gestational diabetes should not eat the food are as follows:

① caffeine: In our day-to-day by drinking coffee, tea and drinks with soda contains a lot of caffeine, caffeine on the heart and central nervous system have a stimulating effect, and therefore pregnancy should be kept to a minimum.

② alcoholic beverages: drinking pregnant women will be born on fetal development and intelligence after the adverse impact of alcohol on diabetes and also a negative control, so women with gestational diabetes mellitus is necessary alcohol.

The principle of gestational diabetes diet

2009-04-22T09:22:00.003-04:00

Gestational diabetes diet control purposes are: to provide adequate maternal and fetal energy and nutrients to mother and fetus can be an appropriate increase in body weight, consistent with the ideal blood sugar control, the prevention of pregnancy toxemia and to reduce premature birth, abortion and the occurrence of dystocia. Nutritional needs of pregnant women with the same normal, but must pay more attention to caloric intake, the proportion of the distribution of nutrients and the distribution of meals. In addition, to avoid sweets and high-oil food intake and increase dietary fiber.

Principle 1 calorie needs attention

Early pregnancy increase the need for special heat, the latter must be in accordance with the pre-heat required, and then an additional 300 kcal / day. Mother as a result of weight loss may increase the ketone body, have adverse effects on the fetus, it should not be losing weight in pregnancy.

Principle 2 of the allocation of attention to meal times

In order to maintain stable blood sugar level and avoid the occurrence of ketonemia, the distribution of meals is very important. Because a large quantity of food consumption would cause a rapid increase in blood glucose and maternal fasting for too long, it is easy to produce ketones, the daily intake of food should be divided into 5 or 6 meals. In particular to avoid the dinner time and breakfast the next day is too long apart, so to add to snack before going to bed.

3 the principle of the right intake of sugars

Carbohydrate intake is to provide heat to maintain normal metabolism and to avoid produce ketones. Should not be the misconception that eating starch or sugar can control weight, and do not eat; but added there should try to avoid sugar, sugar, fructose, glucose, rock sugar, honey, maltose sugar content of beverages and sweets, can avoid the postprandial rapid increase in blood sugar. If necessary add a little sweetener, but it should be harmless to the use of fetal Acesulfame K. We recommend that you try to select a higher fiber content of staple foods are not refined, may be more conducive to control blood sugar, such as: rice with brown rice or grains instead of white rice, choose whole grains such as bread or steamed bread. Gestational diabetes in pregnant women's blood sugar level higher morning 'Breakfast starch, therefore the content must be less food.

4 focus on the principle of protein intake

If you have adequate intake in the pre-pregnancy nutrition, early pregnancy without an increase in the intake of protein, medium-term pregnancy, the latter need to increase the daily amount of each protein 6 grams, 12 grams, half of which required protein from high biological value, such as: eggs, milk, red meat, fish and soy milk, tofu and other soy products Wong. Best to drink at least two glasses of milk a day to get enough calcium, but do not drink milk when, in order to avoid high blood sugar.

Principle 5 should pay attention to types of oils and fats

Vegetable oil-based cooking oil to reduce the deep-fried, fried, food pastries, as well as the animal's skin, fat and so on.

The principle of fiber intake of more than 6

Weight in the range of intake, more intake of food high in fiber, such as: rice with brown rice or grains instead of white rice, increased intake of vegetables, eating fresh fruit juice drink and so on, so can delay the rise of blood glucose to help blood sugar control, and more satiety. But it can not eat an unlimited number of fruits.

Women easy to get diabetes with sugar added soft drink

2009-04-22T09:22:00.001-04:00

According to the Associated Press, Florida. Orlando on the 8th news: A Harvard University study found that women drink more than a day sugar soft drinks, not only fertility, but also greatly increase the chance of developing diabetes.

In the 64th session of the American Diabetes Association scientific meeting of the Harvard School of Public Health presented the findings of scholars Schulze said at least one sugar every day soda water diabetes female testers the opportunity to drink more than the amount the lesser of 85% high.

From post-doctoral students in Germany, said Schulze, has not only caused excessive water soda calories, their large number of rapidly absorbed sugar can cause obesity, and increase the risk of diabetes.

Schulze said: "not to say that the impact of each food has sugar, but it seems that liquid food is more important the impact of sugar. Therefore, it can offer梳打water and energy drinks can lead to excessive energy consumption, resulting in obesity and increase the weight. "

At the same time, however, Schulze said, adding sugar substitutes soda diet drink from the water will not increase the chance of diabetes, women drink soda Diet can even reduce the weight of water.

The general incidence of diabetes in middle-aged. Physical loss in patients with blood sugar into energy to power. American Diabetes Association shows that in 2002 the United States there are 18.2 million people suffer from diabetes, equivalent to 6.3% the country's population, is the fifth killer.

To make matters worse, diabetes is an increasingly serious problem. In 1980 the prevalence of the disease is still the general, but by 2005, doubling the number of patients.

According to Schulze's study, an increase in body weight women tend to consume the amount of sugary soft drinks increasing by less than a week to drink, to drink more than a day. However, to reduce the amount of soft drinks by women up to three pounds pounds.

Tips made low "glycemic " food

2009-04-22T09:21:00.004-04:00

1, "coarse" grain not secret agents

Glycemic index food concept, the fine control of the degree of milling grain is critical. To bread as an example, the white bread glycemic index of food for 70, but the introduction of 75% ~ 80% to 34 grain bread, therefore, to promote use of coarse grains milling or take pieces of bread made from white bread instead of refined.

2, simple

In the kitchen to "lazy", the vegetables can not be cut does not cut, Whole beans can not eat on the ground. The same is true of vegetables, tuber crops in general, not to cut vegetables into mashed or too small. Would rather chew a few multi-intestinal movement, enabling the control of blood glucose.

3, to eat more dietary fiber

Soluble dietary fiber has many types of day-to-day can be purchased directly with konjac. In addition, the multi-selection of natural dietary fiber-rich vegetables such as celery, bamboo shoots. Fungus, mushrooms are also good sources.

4, increase in food protein

Wheat pasta, such as general food glycemic index was 81.6, and strengthen spaghetti protein food glycemic index of 37, plus the wheat egg noodles for 55 flat. Italian pasta with a typical high-protein flour made from durum wheat particles, food glycemic index is only 46. Northern dumplings is commonly used food, protein, higher fiber and is low glycemic index food food.

5, eat vinegar

Food produced by fermentation acids, make the whole food diet to lower glycemic index.adding vinegar or in non-staple food in the lemon juice is a simple method.

6, with high and low

High glycemic index of food foods low glycemic index food with the food, you can create a food glycemic index diet. High and high with of course, can only be higher.

Porridge cooked longer the higher the Glycemic Index

2009-04-22T09:21:00.003-04:00

At the same time, food glycemic index will also be affected by many factors, such as the type of carbohydrate in food, structure, food content and the chemical composition and physical state of food production and processing and so on, if we neglect these differences will be difficult to control blood sugar steady.

First of all, cooking in the food processing, will have an impact on glycemic index. Such as "the degree of starch gelatinization" --- in the processing process, the starch granules in hot water and under, there are varying degrees of expansion, and some even the breakdown of starch granules and break down and become very easy to digest, such as more time porridge cooked long, the higher the glycemic index, the greater the impact on blood sugar. Such as "particle size" will have an impact on their food --- the smaller the particle, the more easily absorbed by hydrolysis, the higher the glycemic index, it should not be too fine food.

Secondly, the food ingredients will also impact on blood sugar. Difficult to digest foods such as beans, low glycemic index; flour digestible and therefore a high glycemic index food. Viscous soluble fiber as a result of the increase of the viscosity of intestinal contents, thereby reducing the starch and the interaction of digestive enzymes, such as oats, beans, such as containing a large number of viscous fiber, low glycemic index food food. In addition, the increase in fat and protein can reduce the gastric emptying and small intestinal digestibility of food, therefore, than an equivalent high-fat food has a relatively low-fat food with low glycemic index, but should keep in mind that regardless of any type of fatty food its high and low glycemic index food, should be in limited use.

On the other hand, with the increase in carbohydrate intake, insulin response to the human body as increased carbohydrate intake and increased blood sugar will not be increased indefinitely, long-term high burden on the pancreas to increase insulin response and easy to trigger insulin resistance in diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the consumption of high-carbohydrate diet, choose low-glycemic index food food important in reducing insulin secretion.

In addition, food acid can delay gastric emptying rate, the extension of time to enter the small intestine, it can drop blood sugar, in all types of vinegar, vinegar monascus found the best, at the same time the role of lemon juice can not be neglected.

Diabetes diet is actually very simple

2009-04-22T09:21:00.001-04:00

Not to the diet therapy of diabetes more difficult to see from the nutrition point of view, as long as know how to generate and food science and nutrition with the principle, and sometimes "lazy" a little easier to lower glycemic foods - such as coarse grains do not secret agents, vegetables Do not cut, do not eat beans Whole ground ... ... on the eating habits of these "tips" can significantly reduce the formation of the body to lower blood sugar. In fact, the final analysis, they are involved in the field of diabetes diet therapy to introduce a new concept: the "food glycemic index."

Beans, milk is a low glycemic food

As we all know, eating the most basic treatment of diabetes, the most important one of the methods of treatment, a reasonable diet can effectively control diabetes. The past, we have been used to guide diabetes food exchange how to choose food, many doctors and patients with diabetes have a certain understanding of this, the classic method of control in the sugar has played an important role, however, noted only carbohydrate chemistry and energy rather, did not consider the contour of the different types of carbohydrates and other food components on blood glucose, especially the exchange of table does not reflect different aspects of food in response to differences in blood sugar.

Studies have shown that even if the food contains carbohydrates equivalent, resulting in the body's glucose response is not the same, therefore, the experts put forward the "food glycemic index" concept to help diabetic patients better control of diet, it is more than the exchange of food practical and more effective. At present, the World Health Organization and the UN Food and Agriculture Organization to the people with diabetes in particular the recommendation of the light of food glycemic index table, a reasonable choice of food, diet, and suggested that food labels indicate the total carbohydrate content and glycemic index of food value .

What is meant by "food glycemic index"? In fact, it is a measure of postprandial blood glucose response to food in an effective indicator, it means 50 grams of carbohydrate containing food and a considerable amount of glucose or white bread in a certain period of time (usually 2 hours) in vivo percentage of the value of the level of blood glucose response , it is a numerical comparison, reflecting higher food and glucose blood glucose compared to the speed and capacity, usually glucose glycemic index set at 100.

In general, the food glycemic index> 70 for the high food glycemic index food, they digest quickly after entering the gastrointestinal absorption rate, quick release of glucose, glucose into the blood after the peak high; food glycemic index <55 for the low food glycemic index food, they stay in the stomach a long time, the absorption rate is low and slow release of glucose, glucose into the blood after the peak of the low, slow decline.

In particular, the usual beans, milk is always low or lower glycemic index foods, and cereals, tubers, fruits and processing due to different species arising from changes in glycemic index, especially in order to reflect the dietary changes in fiber content. Vegetables is certainly a low glycemic index food, especially vegetables leaves and stems, because the carbohydrate content of no more than 6%, and rich in dietary fiber, so little effect on blood glucose. In fact, the type of food has a low or high glycemic index food of different species, the main difference is that the content of carbohydrates as well as food processing, branding and the recipes of different types, said from a high, low it is difficult to .

"Food Pyramid" to help you control diabetes

2009-04-22T09:13:00.002-04:00

TIPS: American Diabetes Association said, according to the "food pyramid" principle, can effectively help people to prevent and control diabetes.

Pyramid from top to bottom are:
Fat, less oil and sugar as much as possible Milk, meat and protein food every day the importance of non-staple food, Fruits and vegetables Cereal diet of the main components

A study published the latest statistics show that currently the world's approximately 194 million people plagued by diabetes and it is anticipated that by 2025 there will be 333 million diabetic patients, of which China and India will face greater challenges, it is estimated that when the two countries, a total of 200 million diabetic patients.
Analysis of the experts believe that obesity is a risk factor for diabetes. Among long-term obesity, diabetes prevalence rate among the general population can be as high as 4 times. And each additional 1 kg weight, the risk of diabetes will increase 5%, obesity in patients with diabetes may be around 8 years of life lost. The study also found that when they grow up in small fat children also a big fat, diabetic patients more harm than adults. Therefore the prevention of obesity and diabetes must start from a young age.

Improper water will add to the diabetic condition

2009-04-22T09:12:00.002-04:00

Have been mistaken for many diabetics drink more than diabetes polyuria is caused as a result of drinking too much, as long as less water, you can control the symptoms of polydipsia polyuria.

Is not the case. Blind control of water intake will not reduce the symptoms of diabetes, and may even aggravate the disease.

Many diabetics drink more in order to control the symptoms of polyuria, thirst, even if do not want to drink water or as little as possible. Although this surface polyuria polydipsia symptoms, but objectively led to increased blood glucose levels in diabetic patients in fact increased. According to the statistical data analysis, due to improper water-induced illness, accounting for diabetic patients into the 1-2.

Well, diabetes how much water a day more appropriate to add? Diabetes and the ordinary people, the daily average of 2500 milliliters of water. In addition to the diet containing some water, 1600-2000 mL of water also depends on the external water supply. He warned that patients with diabetes may choose to use the drinking water there is water, weak tea, mineral water and so on should not drink sugary drinks. In addition, he said, in the intake of high protein foods, exercise intensity, sweat more, etc., should be the appropriate drink plenty of water. Milk, milk is added with diabetes a good drink of water. Daily drink of milk, milk calcium can improve the situation, milk also contains a certain amount of dietary fiber, and therefore more suitable for comparison obesity, high blood lipids, high blood pressure in patients with diabetes to drink.

Experts advise: fruit juice drinks will increase the risk of suffering from diabetes type Ⅱ

2009-04-22T09:12:00.001-04:00

Medical experts point out that the study report, the law of drinking sugary soft drinks and juice drinks, the occurrence of the risk of type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus will increase significantly. In fact, the sugar-containing beverages does not lead to excessive calorie intake consciously, causing weight gain. In fact, the best drink is water.

Seemingly healthy juice drinks, which contained no less than calorie carbonated drinks. These drinks have health problems caused by unknown. Usually eat an apple on the feeling of satiety, and may be only four squeeze a small amount of apple juice, even if the finish is not all that full. However, this cup of juice contained in a heat to be much higher than Apple. Especially fruit juice drinks, juice drinks in a considerable number of added sugar. At present, a large number of fruit juices and juice drinks on the research, the results of many studies are aimed at the protection of children from troubled Ⅱ diabetes mellitus. "

Food errors still exist in the "low-fat and low calorie" foods between the low-calorie diet should be promoted, rather than low-fat diet. A recent international study also shows that reducing the proportion of dietary fat did not reduce the risk of type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus, low-calorie diet to prevent type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus is the key. All the heat generated can have hot food calories, so we advocate is to maintain a reasonable total caloric intake may be the only type Ⅱ diabetes prevention key.

Getting Help to Battle Diabetes

2009-04-21T11:05:00.001-04:00

Author: Jack Stanley

People with type 1 and type 2 diabetes often feel alone in their struggle against the effects of the disease. Rest assured, they are not on their own. Diabetes experts are here to assist and help along the way.

Maybe you learn for the first time you have the disease. What to do, where to go, how would you proceed? These issues are important and you need someone to turn to. Yes, there are family and friends, but family and friends do not always have the answers you want. It is here that diabetes experts come into play Diabetes experts can provide medical information that are necessary to deal with diabetes. They provide us with information on the importance of good nutrition, exercise, fitness and enrich your life. They explain the basic principles of diabetes and how you can overcome many difficulties as they arise.

Another important feature to look for is how diabetes experts are really accessible? Have you out of your way to visit them? Can you get the information you need on the Internet? These issues become very important in the first days of your illness before they started an aggressive treatment plan. You May be too sick or too tired to visit regularly diabetes experts. Having information literally at your fingertips is important to start well in your treatment plan, even after you feel better and doing things that you love to do.

Internet access webinars and other important sources of information is the answer for a very sick or dead person or a busy person needs. Internet access facilitates the pressure to obtain the necessary information you need as quickly as you need it.

To provide information on diabetes, but is a function of diabetes experts. Anyone can open a book and read or select articles on the Internet to read, diabetes experts on the other hand, can serve as a personal trainer to guide you through the process of adapting to your state of health and make improvements.

Not everyone will be affected by diabetes in the same way. Just as the disease has different degrees of severity, there are different people with different needs in trying to cope with the disease.

You are a unique individual and how you live your life is different from how your uncle Jean-May to live his life. However, two of you have diabetes and the two of you have special needs. Uncle John May be concerned that he can no longer play a good game of golf, May you deal with how to stand up in the morning without feeling sick. You May be worrying about how to engage in the normal course of the day.

This is a good coach that will take time to evaluate your needs while taking in your medical, physical and emotional. A good coach will provide medical information and design a fitness and nutrition program to help control your diabetes and promote healthy lifestyles. A good coach will be there for you when you need help.

Diabetes coaching is a commitment, not a passing fancy. Diabetes coaches are committed to be accessible. They can provide guidance Internet, and one in coaching. They will provide personnel scheduled telephone calls and to evaluate other coaches and experts when necessary. Diabetes coaches can provide referrals to other experts such as trainers, chart your progress and results, and open a support system where you can interact with other people who live and cope with diabetes .

The key is to know that you are not alone; aid there are people who really do not understand. Having the comfort of knowing that you help and support at your finger tips is half the battle. Knowing that you are taken seriously and no question is too insignificant or no fear is left unanswered will help facilitate better physical health and mental lifestyle.

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To learn about causes of diabetes and gestational diabetes diet, visit the Diagnosing Diabetes site.

Diabetes Nutrition Can Improve Difficult Problems

2009-04-21T11:01:00.001-04:00

Author: Korbin Newlyn

The research and study of diabetes nutrition has made crucial discoveries that can improve the health of numerous individuals who are afflicted from this serious health condition. Numerous individuals develop diabetes as kids or at a later point in their life. The individuals who have early warning signs that they may get diabetes should in careful way take a look at diabetes nutrition to stave off the onset of this difficult disease.

There are blood tests that people can get that will help to identify people who are afflicted by this disease. and these people can also get blood tests which will give warning if any signs of pre-diabetes exists. For all individuals, good nutrition is important, yet for those with some chance of getting diabetes and also for those people with diabetes should be very careful when it comes to their regular diet.

Diabetes nutrition has a few features that are special particularly for diabetics, yet numerous important steps to healthy nutrition work for diabetics. Nutritionists have worked with doctors and other medical field experts to research the effects of diabetes on the human system.

After many years of research, the nutritionists have numerous beneficial strategies for diabetics nutrition that will assist diabetics leading a more comfortable life despite their affliction with this disease. The majority of doctors working with diabetics will press the point of the importance of nutrition.

Diabetics Nutrition is Not Highly Complicated

Diabetics nutrition is not particularly about special foods even though there are some specific foods created particularly for diabetics. Diabetics are better off planning their healthy habits and then follow them everyday. The majority of nutritionists teach diabetics to consume moderate amounts of food and make plans for timed meals as well as appropriate snacks.

Diabetics are typically taught to eat plenty of fruits and vegetables which are crucial in everyday diets. Foods that are rich in whole grains are frequently recommended to diabetics as well as the population in general. Just like everyone else a diabetic should attempt to limit the fat as well as the calories that they consume. Obviously, everyone else would be well advised to do the same even if they do not have diabetes.

Individuals are frequently creatures of habit and instituting habits that are healthy can form the basis for diabetes nutrition. Carbohydrates can have a crucial part to play in healthy blood sugar levels. Diabetics who are on insulin or any other kinds of diabetic medications should pay careful attention to carbohydrates in their day to day diet.

Diabetics need to work closely with their physicians as well as their nutritionists to make certain that their carbohydrate consumption is right for their condition. Whole grains are highly significant to the diet of diabetics. These types of foods furnish the fiber that moves the digestive system effectively. There are numerous nutritious whole grains that diabetics should incorporate in their diets.

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diabetes-induced depression

2009-04-21T10:59:00.000-04:00

A relationship between diabetes and mental health study shows: the occurrence of diabetes in patients with depression more common situation. Researchers through the 68 cases (age 39 ~ 72-year-old) non-dependent diabetes mellitus patients, the use of "self-rating depression table" depression index measured observational study found that: there were 46 patients showed varying degrees of depression in the total 66.2% of cases, which is a moderate and severe depression were 15 people, accounting for 1 / 3.

Diabetes with major depression as follows: (1) depression, or 100%, and morning light of the characteristics of re-Xi; (2) slow thinking, that is, lower memory, slower reactions, such as the brain, accounting for 86%; (3) activities to reduce unwilling to participate in social activities, often individuals alone, accounting for 85%; (4) with anxiety, 82%; (5) sleep disturbance,early awake its typical performance, accounting for 80%; (6) loss of libido, 66 %; (7) are fatigue, palpitations, chest tightness, gastrointestinal discomfort, constipation and other physical symptoms, accounting for 61%.

Diabetes with depression is very harmful, because depression may interact with diabetes to aggravate their condition. Patients with diabetes will cause inconvenience to their daily lives, as well as physical and mental pain, coupled with the ultimate trend in the development of diabetes can cause many other important tissues (such as kidney, heart, blood vessels, etc.) of the complications, many patients with this often heavy mental stress. This negative emotion can cause the body to enhance sympathetic nerve activity, excessive catecholamine secretion, as well as lipid metabolic disorders and so on, not only hyperglycemia, decreased treatment compliance, but also to accelerate the occurrence of complications, and prognosis of the disease have adverse effects . Conversely, poor glycemic control, aggravate their condition. Patients will lead to the spirit of suffering, pessimism, etc., the same in patients with depression will increase.easy cause severe depression in addition to out-of-control diabetic conditions outside, and even suicide may result in serious consequences.

Diabetes and depression can be prevented. First of all, the patients learn how to transfer the spirit of perturbation, state of mind to be relaxed, optimistic and positive attitude towards life, and treatment of disease. More than usually take part in social activities and an appropriate amount of exercise, which helps improve mood. At the same time, the patient's family should facilitate, encourage, comfort, understanding, patient, to help their confidence in conquering the disease. Second, patients with diabetes can participate in a number of lectures to understand the complications of diabetes and the basic common sense and response measures to rectify the errors and misconduct awareness. The introduction of "bio-feedback relaxation method" to ease the tension is very useful. Third, when patients with moderate to severe depression may be appropriate given antidepressant medication, such as 5 - HT inhibitors such as, but it must be taken under the guidance of the doctors.

Etiology of diabetic foot and the pathogenesis

2009-04-21T10:58:00.002-04:00

Etiology of diabetic foot

Reported by different institutes of the diabetic foot ulcer prevalence vary considerably in different countries and different diagnostic criteria may lead to differences in the prevalence rate. In general, patients with diabetes, about 5-10% of patients will have varying degrees of diabetic foot ulcers, which may be 1 percent of patients in need of treatment of lower extremity amputations. In many countries, diabetes is leading to lower limb amputation the most important reasons, such as in the United States each year 60,000 cases of non-traumatic amputations, there is more than half caused by diabetes in diabetic patients, the occurrence of lower limb amputation the risk of non-diabetes 15 times.

In the United States, diabetic foot caused by medical expenses was about 500 million U.S. dollars, of which nearly 1 / 3 for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers; in the United Kingdom for the treatment of diabetic foot cost is around 12 million pounds (20 million U.S. dollars ). And amputation is the more expensive treatment, amputation in the United States the average medical cost of 25,000 U.S. dollars, compared with 43,000 in Sweden, U.S..

Diabetic foot ulcer pathogenesis

The past used to think that, as a result of diabetic foot complications in the lateral lower limb neuropathy, vascular disease and infection caused by common diseases. However, the view that abnormal plantar pressures, as well as the formation of the corpus callosum leading to diabetic foot disease is the most important factors. In addition, the foot makes the abnormal microcirculation of oxygen and nutrient supply of the obstacles, which is caused by factors of diabetic foot disease; the formation of foot infections are emerging as a result of the first caused by ulcers, rather than a foot infection the appearance of ulcers and infection from shallow to deep-seated development organizations. Diabetic foot complications in the process, the following factors have played a role:

• diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic sensory neuropathy, motor neuropathy and autonomic neuropathy may lead to the occurrence of diabetic foot ulcers. Sensory neuropathy may be caused by the feet of patients with pain, feeling hot and cold and vibration down and lack of feeling of pain can be a direct result of foot injury. And motor neuron disease can cause small foot muscles (foot muscle) and the inability to shrink, making the foot flexor and extensor of the loss of balance, so that buckling claw toes were shaped, convex metatarsal head, flat foot. This change makes the whole body weight on the metatarsal head and foot root, excessive load will result in the pressure foot pressure point of the formation of the corpus callosum, which is a prelude to cause foot ulcers. Autonomic neuropathy can be sympathetic nerve fibers of lower extremity injury, resulting in lower limb skin sweat gland to reduce secretion of sweat, the skin becomes dry and prone to cracks, which provide opportunities for bacterial infection. In addition, the sympathetic skin lesions also lead to lower extremity arteriovenous anastomosis open branch, which will reduce the oxygen and nutrient supply.

• vascular disease and ischemia. Many studies have shown that peripheral vascular disease of lower extremity diabetic foot complications in the role, where this article will no longer be explained in detail one by one.

• abnormal foot pressures and the formation of the corpus callosum.

• other risk factors. In the existence of diabetic retinopathy or neuropathy in diabetic patients, the occurrence of the risk of lower extremity ulcers significantly increased, indicating that these patients there is a wide range of microcirculation 6. Other studies also showed that understanding of diabetes and its management in patients with less risk of foot ulcers was also higher. In addition, age is a risk factor, research shows that 1 / 3 the age of the patients with more than 65 years of age can not conduct its own inspection of the feet.

A variety of bacteria can cause the occurrence of diabetes in patients with infected foot ulcers. Superficial infections by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus caused by, and osteomyelitis, as well as deep abscess, there may be caused by aerobic bacteria (Gram positive cocci), Gram negative bacilli such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp and anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteroides are, Streptococcus caused by joint infection. Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria synergies and a lot of oxygen consumption, resulting in serious infections of the gangrene, and sometimes can produce gas, the formation of gas gangrene. Is sometimes difficult to determine the lesion from the foot of the bacteria isolated a number of pathogens or symbiotic bacteria, which include Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium white, but in any case, these bacteria can lead to infection.

Diabetic foot against large

2009-04-21T10:58:00.001-04:00

Experts advise: the control of blood sugar, protect feet

Has a history of diabetes for more than 10 years of high-uncle, last Wednesday after a new toe shoes, a frayed, and then fester festering wounds, wounds more and more, and ulceration of the toes also appear dark symptoms, the doctor diagnosed as "diabetic foot . " It is unusual disease, if not promptly treated may lead to amputation.

According to experts, the "diabetic foot" was mainly due to acral ischemia, neuropathy combined trauma, infection, arterial thrombosis, foot fungal infection (commonly known as athlete's foot), chapped skin, blisters, corns, Paronychia inflammation, burns, frostbite, also easily lead to disease. Incidence of the crowd is mainly a longer duration of diabetes and glycemic control in elderly patients with poor clinical performance on the main foot ulcers, acral red, black, such as gangrene.

"Diabetic Foot" treatment is very difficult, in particular, there is a serious infection and acral gangrene patients take a more surgical approach to preserve the lives of high amputation. Once the lower extremities in patients feel numbness, tingling, flu cotton step foot there, as well as the emergence of foot cold, dark skin, pigmentation, lower limb intermittent claudication, pain at night, should have thought of if they are suffering from " diabetic foot. "

The prevention of diabetic foot in a doctor under the guidance of long-term control of blood glucose targets, with a reasonable diet, prevention of atherosclerosis, but also to give up smoking, drinking, with particular attention to avoid the legs by the trauma, frostbite, etc., the timely treatment of corns, athlete's foot and so on, to the hospital to check the feet regularly to prevent infection serious troubles.

Don't Let Diabetes Ruin Your Life

2009-04-21T10:55:00.000-04:00

Author: Jack Stanley

Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases share the common characteristic of hyperglycemia. Diabetes occurs when the pancreas can not produce enough insulin or when the insulin that is produced in the pancreas can not function adequately. When diabetes is not well controlled, it can cause serious complications and premature death.

I ask health professionals all the time about people who have come for routine health checks just learned to their surprise, they have Type I or II diabetes. Thirty years, Tom was admitted for injuries all over his body simply to walk all day at Disneyland with his family. He was then informed that he had acute diabetes and must be in a wheelchair.

And today, with continuous increase in the number of people with diabetes in the USA is alarming and many people like Tom did not even know they had until it was too late. There are nearly 21 million people only in USA who have diabetes, most of them type 2. This represents about 7 percent of the population and more than 6 million of these people do not know they have the condition, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in addition to other reports that 41 million people estimated to have pre-diabetes, a condition which is developed before type 2 diabetes. Diabetes is the sixth leading cause of death in the USA. In 2005, only 1.5 million people aged 20 years or older were newly diagnosed with diabetes

Most people who have said diabetes by their physician to begin to take diabetes pills or drugs and go on a diet. The doctor hands a diet to follow, they try, can not get motivated and when calls are routed hunger and have a pizza and beer.

What people are often not told is that diabetes is a major cause of blindness for adults, less limb amputation, kidney disease and nerve damage. This could lead to more complications and death for sure.

Most people have diabetes in 40 years, 50 years and up. But in today's society of fast food children and young adults, even in adolescence and early ages of 20 and 30 have or are under way to stop this deadly killer disease altogether.

I tell people that there is no magic cure or diet pill saving them to put this disease for which there is no known cure. There are only a few easy ways treating diabetes by educating doctors and other professionals in the knowledge that you will give control of high blood pressure, reduce cholesterol and stopping smoking. These key factors alone will help reduce the risk of developing diabetes

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/diseases-and-conditions-articles/dont-let-diabetes-ruin-your-life-522411.html

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Read about signs of diabetes and diabetes statistics at the Diagnosing Diabetes website.

Information About Diabetes Diet

2009-04-21T10:51:00.000-04:00

Information About Diabetes Diet

Author: jeniferhobson

A lot of people are suffering from either type 1 or type 2 diabetes and their number is constantly increasing. There is well-built need to know the function diet plays in the treatment of diabetes. If one correctly manages the diet he eats he can simply overcome the major diabetes complications.

Dietary treatment for Type 1 Diabetes

1. Integrate and synchronize meals (that is, the metabolic load) with the time(s) of action of the insulin treatment to minimize high peaks of blood glucose as well as episodes of hypoglycemia. It is recommended that the individual's usual food intake is used as a basis for integrating insulin therapy into the eating and exercise patterns. Patients on insulin therapy should eat at consistent times synchronized with the time-action of the insulin preparation used.

2. Reduce saturated fat to 10% of total energy or less. People with diabetes have an increased risk of coronary heart disease and this dietary change may reduce it.

3. Keep salt intake low, because people with diabetes have an increased risk of hypertension.

4. Keep away from or take moderate quantity of alcohol. Large intakes carry the risk of hypoglycemia; irregular drinking can disturb glycemic control.

5. In children and adolescents should make sure intakes of essential nutrients are adequate.

Dietary treatment for Type 2 Diabetes

Dietary change has a greater potential to improve type 2 diabetes as most of them are obese diet plays a major role in controlling type 2 diabetes.

1. Decrease body weight by eating smaller amount calories and taking habitual exercise, and keep at it! Even modest weight loss improves metabolic control. About three-quarters of type 2 diabetics are overweight or obese, and weight decrease is the first line of dietary executive. To facilitate patients lose weight and stay it off is a challenge for the physician and dietitian. Diabetics have a stronger reason to lose weight because this improves their disease as well as their body, but sulphonylureas or insulin (not metformin) tends to encourage appetite. Some who succeed in losing weight may be able to go off medications or even go off insulin.

2. Reduce saturated fat. Increased LDL-cholesterol may be more pathogenic in type 2 diabetes than non-diabetic people.

3. Emphasize low glycemic index foods

4. Increase intake of vegetables, fruit, legumes, and whole grain cereals (which increase fiber intake and mostly have low glycemic indices).

5. Keep salt intake low and increase potassium intake.

6. Avoid excess alcohol but 1-2 drinks per day with meals are acceptable.

7. Forget carbohydrate exchanges

8. There is no need to be obsessed about reducing sucrose. The glycemic effect of sucrose is about the same as that of most starchy foods.

By just following dietary principles we diabetics can have better organize on the disease and live a cheerful and healthy life just like non diabetics. Diabetes is a quickly rising problem. The treatment of diabetes is being developed in different medical fields. Some of these treatments have been proven to show great potential. One out of those is the herbal treatment for the various aspects of diabetes.

Following are some of the herbal tips for diabetic patients.

Curry Leaves

Eat 8-10 fresh curry leaves daily in the morning for approximately three months

It delays even the diabetes which is carried in the genes. The leaves due to its weight reducing property also prevent the diabetes due to obesity. As the weight decreases a diabetic patient stop to pass glucose contents in the urine.

Fenugreek seeds

Take 2 teaspoons full of fenugreek seeds (in the powdered form) daily in the morning preferably with the milk. Another way of using this is to soak 10-12 seeds in water at night and drink that water in the morning.

It helps to control even very high blood glucose levels.

Amla

Mix equal quantity of powdered jumbal, amla and bitter gourd. Take one tablespoon of this mixture once or twice a day.

It hinders the progress of diabetes.

Madhuca

The decoctions of the bark of Madhuca tree cure the diabetes.

It helps by lowering down the blood sugar level.

Garlic

Swallow a clove of garlic daily in the morning.

ituents of the garlic have been scientifically proved to lower down the blood sugar level.

Herbs play a very important role in the managing and even curing the diabetes. The above herbal tips if applied properly as per instruction will give guaranteed results.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/diseases-and-conditions-articles/information-about-diabetes-diet-518821.html

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Read more Information about Natural Diabetes Treatment and Eye Care (most Popular site) Visit here www.herbalcureindia.com/

Diabetic foot lesions

2009-04-21T10:48:00.001-04:00

Refers to diabetic foot lesions: a result of vascular disease in patients with diabetes caused by insufficient blood supply due to neuropathy and sensory loss caused by infection with foot change. Due to diabetic foot disease and amputation than in patients with non-diabetic patients is 5 to 10 times high. In fact a similar pathological changes can also occur in other parts of the body, but in patients with the incidence of foot lesions was significantly higher than other parts of the body. Diabetic foot of the main manifestations of lower extremity pain, skin ulcers, light to severe intermittent claudication can be expressed as, lower extremity rest pain and foot gangrene. Early lesions, physical examination can be found in the performance of lower extremity ischemia, such as the elevation of lower extremities pale skin when the feet and lower limbs were purple when down. Cold foot, dorsalis pedis artery pulse weakened and disappeared. Patients with intermittent claudication is suddenly walked sometimes feel pain of lower limbs, and had to limp to walk. Rest pain in lower limb vascular disease is the result of the further development of not only walking insufficiency of lower extremities and lower extremities due to the break but the blood and pain. Patients with severe cases may be unable to sleep at night. Further development of the disease and lower limbs, especially legs may be necrosis, wound not cure for a long time, seriously to residues required amputations.

Foot disease prevention and control measures

The treatment of foot lesions should be based on prevention, the best can not be got after the earlier rule, do not think that "pain does not itch, all right," the disease was delayed children, and finally resulted in amputations. Control means including:

* Good control of blood glucose

* Keep feet clean and dry skin

Feet to prevent skin injuries *

Feet to prevent skin infections *

* Regular foot movement

* Smoking

Feet

* A day with warm water (no more than 40 degrees) to clean feet.

* Use soft soap, do not use irritating soap.

* Wash hands before the test water temperature, or allow others to help test the temperature, to prevent the water temperature is too high, burn his feet.

* Foot soak no more than 5-10 minutes.

* Washed gently with a soft towel to dry foot skin, do not rub hard

* Use a small amount of powder, to keep the skin dry between the toes.

* The use of lubricating cream emulsion or nutrition to keep your skin soft foot. To prevent dry skin, chapped.

* Do not warm in the hearth feet, do not use electric blanket, hot foot plumbing devices to prevent the skin from being aware of being scalded.

Check your feet regularly

In bright check your feet, interphalangeal and used a mirror to check the soles of his feet. If you do not know, please help to check whether you are:

* Corn, corpus callosum and adequate moss

* Skin laceration, abrasion, etc.

* Blisters, swelling, etc.

* Mosquito bite injury

To prepare for themselves a comfortable footwear

* Shoes should be carefully selected,large, the size of the right size, good air permeability, comfortable to wear and can not squeeze the foot.

* Should be absorbent socks, good air permeability, soft and warm. Pure wool or cotton products better. Socks I want to loose, so as not to affect blood circulation. Socks should wash every day, and cleanliness is maintained.

* Shoes shoes before checking whether there is a small sand and other foreign matter or has not formed a place.

* When wearing new shoes, the first day of no more than half an hour to check the feet have not been pinched or friction.

* If there is foot deformity, should be specially-made shoes to prevent foot injuries by grinding.

* Do not walk barefoot or barefoot, slippers, foot to prevent foreign body injury in the skin, when they go out.

Correct toenails trimmed

After washing, nail trimming soft nail the best time. Pruning, please cut-ping, do not cut too short, too close to the skin. Do not nail the edge of a circular or Xiucheng angle, otherwise the skin vulnerable to injury in a ditch, causing infection.

Foot movement

Adhere to the lower leg and foot a day movement 30 to 60 minutes, can improve blood circulation of lower extremities to prevent the occurrence of foot lesions. Foot movement by:

* Walking movement

* To heel - toe movement * bend the knee - Squat Movement

* Left leg movement

Wound care

Diabetic foot, even a small wound, healing for a long time, must be very careful care of small wounds. If accompanied by nerve damage, you may not feel the wounds caused by the stimulation and the occurrence of pain in the wound. Any injuries are very prone to skin infections, resulting in serious consequences.

For small wounds:

* You should first use of disinfectants (such as alcohol) injury thorough cleaning, and then covered with sterile gauze.

* Avoid the use of iodine disinfectants, such as a strong stimulus.

* Do not use such as disinfectants, medicines will be covered by the color of the signs of wound infection.

* Do not use a hard paste, chicken eye or corrosive acidic substances, so as to avoid skin ulcer.

* If the wound in 2 ~ 3 days are not healing, medical treatment as soon as possible. Do not, under the guidance in the absence of health care workers themselves.

Diabetes and nonnasality

2009-04-21T10:47:00.003-04:00

Diabetes is due to lack of pancreatic insulin secretion, carbohydrate metabolism disorder caused mainly by the disease, the patient is mainly expressed in blood glucose and diabetes increase. Appeared on more than three clinical symptoms: more drink, more food, the symptoms of polyuria.

Patients with diabetes often can lead to multi-organ diseases of malnutrition, can occur in the oral cavity of diabetic gingivitis, periodontitis. Was dark red gums, swelling, bleeding or exfoliative easy, easy Health periodontal periodontal abscess, and often relapse; calculus can be formed rapidly in the near future, its very hard subgingival calculus. As a result of sedimentary stone, gums were peeling, the periodontal ligament has been damaged, it will soon form a periodontal pocket. This will enable the food debris easily impaction in the periodontal pocket and is conducive to microbial growth, increased destruction of periodontal tissue; when brushing teeth as a result of fear of bleeding, it decreased the quality of brushing teeth may soon loose , elongation and other symptoms of a system out, and even some patients with early stage there is lack of full-mouth tooth.

People with diabetes also appear dry mouth, thirst, tongue as a reminder of this dark red, tongue and other oral symptoms of hypertrophy. Severe diabetes may be due to fat metabolism disorders, an increase in ketone body smell in the mouth one taste, some patients may consider bad breath to do about blood sugar.

Tissue in diabetic patients with high sugar content, combined with declining immune function of patients and is conducive to bacterial growth and reproduction. Therefore, in denominations furuncle carbuncle can occur frequently, such as pyogenic infection. As a result of diabetic patients to reduce systemic and local resistance, injury prone to infection and wound necrosis, so during the extraction, and periodontal scaling, such as deep oral surgery should be the use of antibiotics before surgery, vitamin C, B and other drugs.

Patients with diabetes in the implementation of oral surgery, should be minimal use of anesthetics containing epinephrine, the epinephrine can increase blood glucose and ischemic wounds, caused by infection. In addition, patients with insulin injections extraction time should be completed within two hours in order to prevent too much time in fasting, hypoglycemia reaction.

teeth goes bad faster suffering from diabetes

2009-04-21T10:47:00.001-04:00

Self-care

Bad teeth with diabetes are faster after the elderly diabetes, sugar in the saliva increased, this will be conducive to bacterial growth, calcium content of saliva increased, easy to form stones, causing local irritation and inhibit macrophage function, oral dry, so to speed up the breeding of bacteria and cause infection. In addition, vascular lesions in patients with diabetes, metabolic structure of the organization changed, easily lead to periodontal disease, tooth decay increased. Periodontal supporting tissues of the teeth of the bone alveolar bone absorption gradually disappeared, resulting in loss of teeth loose. Like a root of the trees did not cultivate the soil, it no longer perfect, can not stand. Thus the elderly found that the recent bad teeth faster to the hospital to check for diabetes.

What are the food for the elderly teeth can affect the starch and fat, like candy, as detrimental to the teeth. Saliva amylase enzyme can be converted into sugar, and fat make food adhesion to the teeth, the sugar, honey, oil cakes made of deprivation is better, so as to avoid damaging the teeth. Furthermore munch hard candy or chewing pieces of the material is not easy chewing teeth can be worn, must be taken to avoid. The elderly who suffer from dental hypersensitivity, or food deprivation should be strong, too cold, overheating, too acid or too sweet food, may eat more garlic, walnut, such as food, or chew bubble tea too.

Diabetes complications - periodontal disease

2009-04-21T10:46:00.000-04:00

Diabetic patients likely to have symptoms of alveolar pyorrhea occurred.

The so-called alveolar pyorrhea is marginal periodontitis (teeth surrounding tissue inflammation occurred). The main reason for the occurrence of periodontitis from microvascular disease, the more bad control of diabetes, the incidence of periodontal disease and the severity increased.

For diabetic patients with lower resistance to bacterial infections, so easy to concurrent infection. Another may be due to the reduction of saliva secretion, oral cavity and therefore would reduce the scavenging capacity, resulting in the reproduction of bacteria, making gingival swelling, bleeding easily, dental gap increased alveolar bone atrophy and other phenomena.

sexual dysfunction caused by diabetes?

2009-04-21T10:45:00.004-04:00

Adult male patients with diabetes, 74% of the people can have a sexual dysfunction, impotence occurred in persons 30 to 60%, followed by may be, premature ejaculation, loss of libido, etc.

Diabetic sexual dysfunction caused by the mechanism is still unclear, but symptoms of view, is impotence caused by diabetes occurred in slow rather than sudden, and the beginning of symptoms was not obvious, erectile extension of the time, the hardness of erection gradually weakened, will be able to complete sexual intercourse, it is difficult to detect, while the long form of sexual intercourse not impotence.

Impotence and premature ejaculation often occur simultaneously, then gradually decreased sexual desire, the formation of mixed sexual dysfunction.

Due to diabetes-induced sexual dysfunction, treatment should as a matter of first principles treatment of diabetes, should be long-term control of blood glucose within the normal range, you can use some discretion and vitamin vasodilator drugs for adjuvant therapy. If the blood concentration is lower than the normal one cream can also be given to gonadotropin or testicular drug ketones.

The above-mentioned treatment fails, the optional line of penile prosthesis implantation, the success rate of up to 90 ~ 95%, of course, for middle-aged and young patients in good general health, but should be carefully chosen. In diabetic patients with sexual dysfunction, they also wish to identify many of the spirit of sexual dysfunction, if the blood glucose control has been good and no obvious nerve, vascular complications may be the spirit of sexual dysfunction, no drug treatment, psychological rule of law should be carried out.

Late onset of heart failure and diabetes-related

2009-04-21T10:45:00.003-04:00

According to a the results of observational studies showed that patients with advanced heart failure the risk of diabetes increased significantly, in the diagnosis of heart failure more than 6 years after the attack began.

City, Tel-Hashomer Israel Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Dr. Alexander Tenenbaum and his colleagues noted: "Recent reports suggest that heart failure patients with reduced cardiac function may lead to abnormal glucose metabolism."

2616 cases of their past suffering from unstable angina or myocardial infarction 7.7 years of non-diabetic status of the patient's cardiac function and the relationship between the onset of diabetes were studied. Of these patients participated in the 18 university hospitals Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention Study.

Research published in March in the "American Journal of Medicine" article pointed out that patients aged 45 and 74 years of age, fasting blood glucose level was lower than 7mmol / L, in accordance with New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification standards are divided into grade Ⅰ 1986 cases, Ⅱ grade 518 cases and 112 cases of grade Ⅲ. Three groups of patients with similar demographic and clinical characteristics.

They found that, Ⅰ and Ⅱ grade level patients were 13% and 15% of diabetes in the follow-up period, while patients in grade Ⅲ and 20% of diabetes (p = 0.05).

They wrote: "fasting blood glucose levels significantly increased (more than 1 mmol / L, the last time and compared to the first treatment) was particularly prevalent in patients with advanced heart failure." Ⅲ level of patients treated in the last big when fasting blood glucose in the same 7mmol / L or the possibility of grade Ⅱ Ⅰ patients 2 times (p = 0.005).

Multivariate analysis showed that, NYHA Ⅲ level independent indicates the occurrence of diabetes (HR = 1.7), but did not grade Ⅱ this effect (HR = 1.0).

Dr. Tenenbaum's research team pointed out that "despite the failure of known diabetes is an independent risk factor, but there is only one of the cases in the elderly congestive heart failure and subsequent studies have shown the occurrence of diabetes-related, our results support the report."

Diabetic retinopathy

2009-04-21T10:45:00.001-04:00

Diabetes can cause eye damage to various parts of the occurrence of disease organizations, such as cataracts, optic neuritis, such as ophthalmoplegia. Especially diabetic retinopathy was the most the most serious. Diabetic retinopathy is a systemic part of diabetic microangiopathy. At the same time there are changes in retinal blood vessels, retinal vascular changes as a window, is the epitome of systemic microvascular changes. The understanding of diabetes have a greater degree of help. Fundus showed hemorrhagic lesions, micro-vascular disease, exudative, decreased vision, if the treatment was detrimental to the blind. Patients with good diabetes control can prevent or delay the occurrence of retinopathy, even if the retinopathy has emerged, also reduce the seriousness of the situation. Therefore, the timely detection of, reasonable control of diabetes is the most important. By diet and drug therapy, it is best to control fasting blood glucose value 150 mg% or less, and to reduce fluctuations in blood sugar. If combined with high blood pressure, treatment must also be positive. For the treatment of retinopathy but only a temporary solution, but the maintenance of visual function have a positive significance. Therefore, patients with diabetes in their daily lives, it is necessary to avoid any lead to head, neck vein mechanical role of hypertension in order to prevent the breakdown of retinopathy. In addition, diabetic patients with or without retinopathy, every six months to 1 year have to do a thorough eye examination, so that timely detection of eye damage.

diabetic heart disease

2009-04-21T10:44:00.001-04:00

Diabetic heart disease is complicated by diabetes refers to or associated with heart disease, including coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD), diabetes, cardiomyopathy, microvascular disease and autonomic dysfunction caused by abnormal cardiac rhythm and cardiac function. Diabetic heart disease is diabetes, one of the most important cause of death, about 80% of people with diabetes die of heart disease.

Diabetic heart disease clinical manifestation of painless myocardial infarction about 42% of myocardial infarction is painless, patients with only nausea, vomiting, heart failure, arrhythmia or cardiogenic shock. According to statistics, the occurrence of myocardial infarction in diabetic patients than non-diabetics, and diabetes myocardial infarction occurred in a high mortality rate and higher relapse rate after remission.

Diabetic heart disease patients, sudden death due to a variety of dual stress, infection, surgery may be caused by sudden death and so on. Serious clinical arrhythmia or cardiogenic shock, a sudden onset, some patients feel only a short chest palpitations, rapid development to severe shock or coma.

Tachycardia at rest by such a rapid heart rate, free from the impact of conditioned reflex. Where a resting heart rate more than 90 times per minute should be suspected and autonomic dysfunction. Tachycardia at rest is due to early diabetic vagus nerve involvement, resulting in a relatively sympathetic-induced excited state.

Diabetes associated with myocardial infarction

2009-04-20T08:53:00.002-04:00

According to Sweden, "Daily News" reported that a formal announcement soon of a new medical research findings show that diabetes associated with myocardial infarction, it is easy to suffer from two diseases at the same time.

Researchers from 25 countries in Europe, 110 hospitals have received treatment in patients with cardiovascular disease in 4196 conducted a survey and found that almost half of the myocardial infarction patients with type II diabetes, and many of them did not know: Another 25% of myocardial infarction patients already suffering from type II diabetes, early signs, as the insulin the body can not function effectively, the blood sugar levels in their bodies more than the normal standard.

Causes of dyspepsia patients with diabetes

2009-04-20T08:53:00.001-04:00

Blood glucose control in patients with diabetes have more than a quarter of patients with intestinal food from the stomach to slow emptying, as well as the existence of a number of diabetic patients recurrent symptoms of dyspepsia. However, according to the Danish scientists, the latest research results, the above does not exist between the two situations related to each other.

Utrecht University Medical Center from the M. Samson et al investigated 182 diabetic patients and 54 healthy volunteers. In the test subjects ate two eggs, a piece of bread, drink 200mL of water, and then through the breath test to monitor its rate of stomach emptying.

Study published in the latest issue of "Diabetes Care" magazine, the results showed that in diabetic patients to eat two hours later, an average of 31% of the food remains in the patient's stomach. In the control group, the consumption of the two-hour stay in the stomach after the food an average of 20%.

Women with diabetes than men assigned to the speed of air more slowly in diabetic patients, but not the rate of gastric emptying in patients with age, weight, length of drinking history of fasting blood glucose levels and other factors. The researchers also found that patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in patients with type 2 diabetes and there was no difference between, have been complications in patients and in patients with complications have not been there is no difference between.

Although patients with delayed gastric emptying will often satiety, upper abdominal pain and lack of subjective symptoms such as hunger, but these symptoms and the rate of gastric emptying were not related to each other. In contrast, Samson and others were found during the pilot a sense of satiety and gastric emptying between the speed of the relatively weak correlation. Researchers attributed the slow emptying of the autonomic nervous system dysfunction, and dyspepsia were more to do with changes in visceral perception and impaired adaptation of the stomach.

What are the effects of the eyes from Diabetes?

2009-04-20T08:52:00.003-04:00

Diabetic retinopathy is the earliest to see the complications. Diabetes duration 5 to more than 10 years, about retinopathy occurred more than 50%, especially in the case of out-of-control blood sugar. With the extension of disease, diabetic retinopathy in the elderly has become a blinding the most common causes. At the same time, diabetes can cause cataracts, glaucoma, angle conjunctival ocular disease and nerve paralysis. Beijing Tongren Hospital of Ophthalmology out-patient diabetic retinopathy found that about 2 / 3 of patients due to severe diabetic retinopathy, due to visual disability, blindness or even show that the problem is very serious. Therefore patients with diabetes experts advocate not only to see a physician regularly, but also to look at each of 1 or 2 times ophthalmologist.

Asymptomatic elderly diabetic alert

2009-04-20T08:52:00.001-04:00

In their daily lives, and some appeared to be very healthy elderly, in the physical examination when diabetes was found. But he did not drink more than usual, eat more, urinating more than "more than three" symptoms, people do not thin. Why?

This is "three moore and one less" symptoms of type 1 diabetes (ie insulin-dependent diabetes) is a typical example, the disease is the most young and middle-aged people. The majority of elderly diabetic patients with type Ⅱ diabetes, their body fat, eating normal, energy and physical strength is almost normal. According to statistics, more than the standard old-age diabetes weight, asymptomatic 80% emerged. After quite a long time delay is because some people had heart disease, hyperlipidemia, renal insufficiency and cataract, paresthesia of both lower limbs, repeated urinary tract infections, tuberculosis or long-term recurrent furunculosis治不好sores, genital itching, etc., it was found suffering from diabetes. In fact, these symptoms with diabetes. Patients stayed more than a typical urine, more than food, and weight loss, the condition is already very serious.

Sugar is the most important source of human energy, and translated into protein, fat, synthetic DNA and other substances. If the glucose metabolism disorder occurs, it will cause a series of changes. For example, elevated blood lipids, atherosclerosis, and other neurodegenerative. Early diabetes does not necessarily have clinical symptoms, it may not necessarily have diabetes, but the two-hour meal tolerance test abnormal. Only in the continuity of high blood sugar diabetes with recurrent symptoms to appear. By this time, there have been patients of cardiovascular, kidney, eyes, a wide range of neurological diseases.

Asymptomatic elderly to the early detection of diabetes is especially important, even healthy people should also regularly check blood sugar, such as suffering from diabetes can be asymptomatic and timely attention to regulation of diet, coupled with physical exercise and drug treatment, the disease can be controlled development.

Alzheimer is easy to triggered by diabetes

2009-04-20T08:51:00.004-04:00

Diabetes has become a modern human, one of the most important of the killer, it will often lead to a series of other diseases.

The United States announced on the 17th the results of a recent study showed that: diabetic patients have Alzheimer's disease easier. The researchers found that in the survey of 824 elderly, diabetic patients the risk of suffering from the disease as high as 65%, significantly higher than other groups. Luo Xu University of Chicago Medical Center researchers also found that patients with diabetes are often associated with lower cognitive ability, memory at the same time as the status of bad will then develop into full dementia.

Diabetes and obesity in general and some other associated diseases, it will make the blood abnormally high glucose content. Alzheimer's Association vice-chairman Theis said that the human body the main health indicators, such as blood pressure, cholesterol, blood sugar and weight, such as the brain for the maintenance of human health is essential. It is learned that the experts will carry out further studies to ascertain whether the treatment for diabetes can also reduce the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease probability.

What are the predisposing factor of diabetes?

2009-04-20T08:51:00.003-04:00

Diabetes-induced factors are: infection, obesity, reduced physical activity, pregnancy and environmental factors.

1, infection

Infection in the pathogenesis of diabetes account for a very important incentive for the location, especially in HIV type Ⅰ diabetes mellitus is a major predisposing factor. In animal studies found that many viruses can cause inflammation and pathogenicity islet, including encephalitis virus. Myocarditis virus, Coxsackie B4 virus. Virus infection can cause pancreatic inflammation, leading to inadequate insulin secretion resulting from diabetes. In addition, the virus can make the potential increase of diabetes mellitus to become overt.

2, obesity

The majority of patients with type Ⅰ diabetes mellitus type obesity. Obesity is another factor-induced diabetes. When obese fat and muscle cell membrane cell membrane insulin receptor decrease in the number of pro-insulin and lower the ability of cells decreased sensitivity to insulin, resulting in the use of sugar obstacles to the emergence of hyperglycemia and diabetes
Disease.

3, physical activity

China's farmers and miners, the incidence of diabetes was significantly lower than that of urban residents, urban population that may be related to participation in physical activity less relevant. Increased physical activity can reduce or prevent obesity, thereby increasing insulin sensitivity, so that glucose can be used there without diabetes. In contrast, if the reduction in physical activity, they easily lead to obesity, and reduce tissue sensitivity to insulin, glucose utilization disruption can lead to diabetes.

4, pregnancy

During pregnancy, increased estrogen, estrogen can induce autoimmunity, resulting in destruction of islet β-cells, on the other hand, estrogen and the role of insulin confrontation, so many pregnancy-induced diabetes can be.

5, environmental factors

The basis of genetic and environmental factors in diabetes as an incentive occupy very important position. Environmental factors include: air pollution, noise, social competition and so on, these factors induced mutation, mutant gene with the severity of the above factors and duration of growth and more and more, up to a certain degree of mutation (ie, medical known as the "threshold") that the occurrence of diabetes.

how people get diabetes?

2009-04-20T08:51:00.001-04:00

Diabetes can be divided into two categories, the reasons for not very clear, we call primary diabetes; other diabetes have their special causes, such as pancreatic diseases not caused by insulin synthesis, secretion does not appear, or because of other Endocrine causes of insulin on antibiotics too much, such as hormone secretion, which belong to detail the scope of a diabetic.

Although the primary cause of diabetes and the pathogenesis has not yet completely clear, but at least can be said that the basic cause of diabetes for two reasons: first, genetic factors, that is to say diabetes is hereditary, and the tarsus easy diabetic genes.

For example, some people believe that genetic insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is prone to autoimmune destruction of islet gene; for non-insulin-dependent diabetes, is generally believed that for a multi-genetic, genetics are prone to obesity, insulin resistance and insulin secretion lack of genes. However, if having a genetic predisposition such inherent factors, would not have diabetes, also need to have acquired factors, or environmental factors, and this is a second factor of diabetes, the prevention and treatment of diabetes is also more attention to the factors, including calorie intake too much activity decreased, obesity, smoking, and psychological pressure and so on. Period of these two factors, the common role of diabetes on the people.

Adolescent with diabetes mellitus

2009-04-20T08:50:00.003-04:00

Immature from adolescence to the fertility potential of the transition period. During this period, the beginning of development of secondary sexual characteristics, hormonal and metabolic changes also occurred in the ensuing. Type Ⅰ diabetes mellitus by the apparent metabolic disorders, can interfere with hormonal and metabolic changes of puberty in the normal process, and occurred in the rapid metabolic changes of puberty also can type Ⅰ diabetes mellitus in patients with difficult to obtain a stable blood glucose control and the impact of some the occurrence of complications of diabetes. Puberty on the impact of type Ⅰ diabetes mellitus There are two main points:

(1) adolescent therapy of diabetes: diabetes in patients with a particular common phenomenon, that is, their blood glucose levels during their youth than the pre-adolescent high volatile. Children and adolescents compared to the pre-adolescent children of the average hemoglobin level of the lower pond, and then gradually increased until puberty, after puberty glycosylated hemoglobin levels decreased gradually. Experts believe that adolescence is difficult to control blood sugar as a result of adolescent patients with type Ⅰ diabetes mellitus experienced psychological, social pressure increase. If the doctor does not increase adolescent diabetes insulin dose may lead to ineffective treatment, so that increased blood glucose levels. It must be noted that in the same stage of puberty, Ⅰ patients with diabetes often girls than boys need more insulin.

Youth during the dawn phenomenon is more obvious in the clinical, the adolescent treatment goal should be to increase the availability of insulin. To this end, the need to change in adolescent patients with type Ⅰ diabetes mellitus insulin dosage program to alleviate the dawn phenomenon.

(2) adolescence the impact of the complications of diabetes: current view that the hyperglycemia of diabetic microvascular complications is a major contributing factor. However, before puberty hyperglycemia caused by microvascular damage, not as puberty or after puberty the same degree of hyperglycemia caused by microvascular damage as serious. In fact, the pre-adolescent diabetic retinopathy in patients with extremely rare. In addition to retinopathy, the adolescence of the occurrence of other complications of diabetes is also an important factor. Adolescence has been proved to affect the incidence of diabetic nephropathy, which confirmed the adolescent diabetes after the start of the occurrence of microvascular disease, and glycemic control have a certain relationship between.

What causes diabetes

2009-04-20T08:50:00.001-04:00

Source: medical treatment network

Cause diabetes mellitus has been the world of the important issues covered. After decades of research, agreed that diabetes is a syndrome of complex etiology. Although the etiology of diabetes has not yet been fully clarified, but the investigation of clinical epidemiology, genetics, immunology, virology, pathology, endocrine and metabolic disease areas such as the comprehensive study of known and closely related to the following factors.

(1) genetic factors: As early as more than 60 years ago, the international medical community found in the relatives of diabetics, the incidence of diabetes was significantly higher than the general population. Is a kind of genetic characteristics of genes through the cell to the offspring chromosome. Monozygotic twins have the same chromosome, the egg-on-one genetic disease similar to the observation is of great significance. Pyke of the United Kingdom for up to one-egg twin more than 20 years of follow-up. In 1982 he summed up the 200 pairs of monozygotic twin survey of diabetes. Twin in the 200 cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus of the 147 pairs of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus of 53 right. Twin has diabetes are referred to as the line Up to the time of statistics for only one twin is called inconsistent diabetes. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in which the same rate of twin 54.4%, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus twin rate of 90.6 percent agreed. Twin eggs from a single analysis of the survey can be seen in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus than the genetic tendency to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is more significant.

What diabetes gene, the way in which the genetic is not very clear, but the view is more or less the same number of genes on the basis that: ① diabetes incidence and clinical manifestations of the ethnic differences are obvious; ② different clinical diabetes types, such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Known incidence of adolescent non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (MODY) is a autosomal dominant genetic disease; ③ species have been found more than 40 genetic diseases associated with impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes, diabetes is a part of these genetic diseases. For example, Wolfran syndrome, there is optic atrophy, deafness, diabetes insipidus and diabetes. More than 40 kinds of genetic diseases, respectively, as a result of different mutation loci, but may affect glucose metabolism, resulting in high blood sugar, indicating that multiple genes and glucose metabolism; ④ animal model of diabetes also showed genetic heterogeneity, such as Japan NoD is a rat insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, New Zealand and the NIO rat Wellesle y mice non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. In short, according to the available scientific information, the majority of scholars believe that diabetes mellitus is due to genetic mutation, a number of individuals have a genetic mutation so that diabetes susceptibility, that is to say not through the genes of diabetes itself, but the susceptibility to diabetes, On this basis as well as environmental factors (virus infection, obesity, etc.) the role of diabetes can occur.

(2) human leukocyte antigen system (HLA) study: human leukocyte antigen system (HLA), also known as major histocompatibility antigen (MHC). Human HLA antigen system to control gene in the short arm of chromosome VI. HLA antigen system includes three main categories: the first category is the antigen HLA-A,-B,-C antigens, widely distributed in the surface of eukaryotic cells, involved in cell-mediated immunity, mainly related to organ transplant rejection-related. The second category is based on D antigen antigen family, that is, HLA-DP,-DQ,-DR antigen mainly distributed in the B lymphocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells and activated T lymphocytes, mainly related to autoimmune diseases pathogenesis-related. The third type of antigen is C2, Bf, C4A and C4B, such as the complement system.

Separation of blood lymphocytes, using immunological methods can be carried out on the B lymphocyte antigen HLA analysis of the second category. Study shows that: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with HLA closely related, HLA-DR3,-DR4 antigen frequency was significantly higher, HLA-DR2 antigen frequency decreased significantly. Analysis from the family, brothers and sisters of the HLA haplotypes, if the two haplotypes are the same as with the patient, the opportunities for diabetes is 1 / 5; if there is only one haplotype with the patient the same, the occurrence of diabetes the opportunity is 1 / 20; if two haplotypes are different with the patient, the opportunities for diabetes is 1 / 100. HLA-specific changes in insulin-dependent diabetes that is autoimmune diseases. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients with the HLA typing of the same general population, non-specific.

(3) environmental factors: The genetic basis of susceptibility to diabetes with the people, environmental factors and the occurrence of diabetes plays an important role in development. Environmental factors include the following:

① virus infection: As early as 1864, doctors found a case of mumps Norwegian patients, diabetes soon. The virus infection after the report of an endless stream of diabetes. Diabetes-related virus, mumps virus, rubella virus, Coxsackie virus, cytomegalovirus and encephalitis, myocarditis virus. Virus infection resulted in destruction of islet cells may have the following three: A virus through the individual susceptibility of diabetic islet cell membrane of the virus to enter the B cell receptor, and some B cell acute necrosis, followed by cell lysis. London in 1988 St. Mary's Hospital emergency admission of a young Chinese men (22 years), abdominal discomfort and vomiting for 36 hours in history, past physical health,glucose 92mmol / L, plasma insulin <2μU / L, blood pH7.1 . Diagnosed with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, ketoacidosis, 1 hour after admission died. 34 hours after death for autopsy found that B cells of all islet necrosis, and pancreatic islet A, D cells are normal in a large number of islet cells, eosinophilic cells, macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration. Death can not check for virus serology, in accordance with its histological lesions showed that the virus caused a rapid and comprehensive islet B cell necrosis, the short course is very rare. B virus-susceptible individuals through the cell membrane of islet B virus to enter the B cell receptor, the long-term stay, so that slow down cell growth, cell life span shortened, B cells gradually reduced, and to stimulate their own immune system, a number of years after diabetes. Such as rubella virus invasion in the fetal period, after several years or after more than ten years of clinical diabetes. The United States to observe 24 1 cases of congenital rubella syndrome patients, 30 cases found 17 cases of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance; Australia reported 45 cases of congenital rubella syndrome, which occurred in 9 cases of diabetes. C virus by the B cell membrane receptors into the B cells in HIV, the virus nucleic acid into host B cell gene, so that B cells in the insulin gene mutates abnormal insulin synthesis. Despite the occurrence of HIV infection among young people the importance of environmental factors in IDDM, but still has a genetic basis for susceptibility to HIV infection and immune response caused by factors such as their own before the incidence.

② obesity: obese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and development occurred in an important environmental factors. Obesity means weighing 20 percent more than standard body weight; or by calculating body mass index: body mass index (BMI) = weight (kg) / height 2 (m2), male BMI ≥ 2 5, female BMI ≥ 27, for the obese. According to the United States over the age of 30 reported the incidence of diabetes by about 80% ~ 90% body weight over ideal body weight 1 5%, in 1981 the report of Professor Zhong Xueli 300,000 population in our country the results of the census of diabetes, body weight over ideal body weight more than 10% of the population, men suffering from diabetes disease rate of 23.20 ‰, female 18.05 ‰, while the prevalence of normal weight to 4.08 ‰, 3.66 ‰. Obese insulin-target cells as a result of the decrease in the number of insulin receptor or insulin receptor binding and cellular responses after the defects generated in vivo insulin resistance and high blood sugar. Obesity the same duration, while the more prone to high blood sugar. The causes of obesity-related genetic and familial. The majority as a result of long-term excessive intake of high calorie, high-sugar high-fat diet, reduced physical activity, increase in body fat storage.

③ Chemical Toxicology: B cells as a direct material damage to four alloxan and streptozotocin in the United States and South Korea as a rodent topiramate drug use, such as metronidazole benzene urea. Toxicology of these chemicals due to diabetes than may in IDDM, and in the etiology of human IDDM seems to very little meaning, only to explain the pathogenesis of cell damage as an important part, and most patients are not the cause of these poisons.

④ eating certain food components: incidence of IDDM in Iceland more than boys for those born in October, so the general suspicion in the mother before and after pregnancy is the Christmas may be related to a large number of food containing nitroso compounds related to the preservation of meat. Animal experiments have confirmed that consumption of animal Aberdeen smoked meat can be caused by diabetes.

⑤ malnutrition: the reported number in Africa or Southeast Asia in cassava-eating countries and areas of diabetes, is different from the clinical manifestations of IDDM, is also different from NIDDM, may be related to consumption of cassava-related. Because a large number of cassava intake and low protein intake, especially lack of sulfur amino acids, can cause cyanide accumulation in the body and damage the pancreas. Other animal experiments and clinical long-term protein nutritional deficiencies can lead to reduced insulin secretion impaired glucose tolerance.

Another long-term effects of excessive tension and glucose metabolism of drugs such as diuretics, glucocorticoid, steroid, such as oral contraceptives may increase insulin requirements, increase the islet B cell load, the environment is one of the factors of diabetes.

The impact of diabetes on the reproductive function

2009-04-20T08:49:00.003-04:00

Diabetes on a great influence on male sexual function, could seriously reduce the quality of life of patients, it is said that sexual dysfunction is second only to blindness and amputation of the third-largest disabling disease, so treatment of diabetes must be taken into account.

Sexual dysfunction in diabetic patients in a variety of clinical manifestations, including loss of libido, sexy climax disappear, impotence, premature ejaculation, or ejaculation reverse ejaculation, infertility, such as marriage. These anomalies are many reasons, including both systemic metabolic disorder, the decline in physical factors, including local neurovascular dysfunction and mental factors, psychological factors, the majority of patients the decline in male hormone levels is not obvious. Patients may be due to impotence or premature ejaculation and can not engage in normal sex life, because regulation of neural tube row sperm dysfunction, semen can not be eliminated from the body to normal, but reverse the bladder, resulting in male infertility.

These anomalies will be a lot of mental patients are too ashamed to pressure and pain, affecting the patients Jian diabetes control and quality of life. Male diabetic patients the treatment of sexual dysfunction as well as good blood sugar control, neural complications in the prevention and treatment of all drugs such as yohimbine and Chinese medical treatment, local administration, such as compound papaverine and phentolamine injection, etc. negative pressure can also penis erection devices and penile prosthesis implantation in the way of life of patients with the ability to promote recovery. As a result of dysfunction of diabetic patients often have significant mental and psychological factors, so the importance of psychological treatment.

Diabetes impact on protein metabolism

2009-04-20T08:49:00.001-04:00

The protein is a nitrogen-containing polymers, the basic unit is the amino acid composition. To participate in protein synthesis in a total of more than 20 kinds of amino acids, including eight kinds of amino acids the body can not self-synthesis, must be from the food supply. 8 kinds of essential amino acids are lysine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, methionine and valine.

Protein is the most important life material basis, it constitutes an important component of human cell components, the total weight of the body about 18%. Most of it exists in the human muscle tissue, a small amount exists in the blood, soft tissue, bones and teeth.

Organization structure as a major component of proteins, often of self-renewal. The human body did not have any special place of protein, muscle protein will become a temporary warehouse-conditioning. Foods such as lean meat, fish, eggs, soy products, such as various beans and more protein, which after digestion and absorption of food is to the form of amino acids involved in protein synthesis, to compensate for physiological consumption. Under normal circumstances, the consumption per person per day to 50 grams of protein. Diabetes, the protein metabolic disorders, for the synthesis of hindered performance, decomposition to strengthen, resulting in hyperglycemia; protein consumption increased, in patients with weight loss and increasing physical weakness, lower resistance and therefore vulnerable to a variety of infectious diseases complicated.

Whether diabetes is due to eating too much sugar

2009-04-20T08:48:00.004-04:00

The reason to maintain normal blood sugar in normal range, that is because there is sufficient insulin to regulate. In vivo insulin in diabetic patients relative or absolute lack of impact of the regulation of sugar before the phenomenon of a higher blood sugar, so sugar diabetes is not accurate to say more. However, diabetic patients or not the best for the good candy. Are of the view that the incidence of diabetes and genetic, environmental, immunology, and many other factors. It has been reported in the literature, high-carbohydrate diet with no significant relationship between diabetes, high carbohydrate diets and diabetes incidence was not high for the high-protein diet. However, excessive consumption of sugar caused by obesity, such as monosaccharides, can induce diabetes.

Diabetes and mental depression

2009-04-20T08:48:00.003-04:00

The incidence of type 2 diabetes and an unhealthy lifestyle, which in addition to eating habits, lack of physical exercise, but also with the spirit of factors such as study, work difficulties, accidents, death of loved ones, such as stimulation of the spirit. According to epidemiological survey: the work of fast-paced life of tension, all day long never stretched too tightly to the spirit of the people susceptible to diabetes. First of all, the spirit of the tense confrontation will adrenaline insulin, thyroid hormone secretion, such as an increase at the same time, the spirit of tension occurred in the central nervous system disorders may also cause endocrine disorders. Recently, the experts found that the cerebral cortex may secrete a tight --- brain kinin survival, it will promote increased blood sugar, type 2 diabetes may be one of the incentives.

In addition, suffering from diabetes are prone to induce a variety of mental disorders, such as depression. According to the survey, 11% of the sugar appeared ill treatment of severe depression, 31% of diabetic patients with depression symptoms. Including 20 in non-diabetic population study found that diabetes incidence rate of depression twice. Because depression can lead to high blood sugar and increase the risk of complications of diabetes. Clinicians to respond to depression screening. However, two-thirds of diabetic patients with depression did not receive treatment. In fact, both the first occurrence of diabetes or depression, as long as suffering from both diseases, and treatment can improve both access to two-way, but the key is to cure diabetes.

At present, there are a number of effective drugs in clinical diabetes, and to obtain a better therapeutic effect, but it should be recognized that some traditional medicines used in therapy, because of their continuing poor results or side effects, and has now been eliminated disabled. At present, for the treatment of diabetes are mainly three types of Western medicine, sulfonylurea, and glucosidase inhibitor. Western medicine treatment of diabetes on the significance, in the affirmative at the same time, the authority of experts is also argued that the use will not solve the long-term high blood sugar diabetes, high blood lipids, high-protein, but also easy to cause a variety of patients with serious complications. Side effects of Chinese medicine small bowel to adjust, easy to be patient. But now technology behind the majority of Chinese herbal medicine can not be separated from the active ingredients, the patient will be the active ingredient, invalid components, even with the use of toxic components, the impact of efficacy, patients had increased the burden of liver and kidney damage, so that is not effectively control blood glucose . To complete the treatment of diabetes, the key is to make islet cell regeneration, the realization of islet proliferation.

Diabetes and Depression

2009-04-20T08:48:00.001-04:00

1, diabetic patients susceptible to the causes of depression:

(1) Diabetes is a chronic lifelong disease, blood glucose fluctuations often affected by many factors, not radical, psychological pressure and lead to depression.

(2) patients with some chronic complications of diabetes, and further bring about physical and mental pain and inconvenience of living. Complications of the central nervous system so that the brain serotonin levels, may be associated with depression-related.

(3) the treatment of diabetes often have to break the existing patterns of life and eating habits, limiting the freedom of life of patients.

(4) life after diabetes, as well as the financial burden and many other factors, will lead to depression, depression and diabetes will increase, and a vicious circle.

2, the performance of depression is usually:

The performance of patients with the initial statements often somatic symptoms such as fatigue, pain, insomnia. If further inquiry will reveal depressed mood or loss of heart interest. Are:

(1) depressed mood or sadness, loss of life from the ability to find fun.

(2) distress when they are indecisive.

(3) The tendency to self-isolation, poor friends.

(4) the survival of repeatedly thinking about the usefulness and invalidity.

Less can be summed up in three: slow thinking, depression, behavior reduction; six free; boring, helpless, incompetent, hopeless, worthless.

3, the treatment of depression:

(1) the treatment of primary disease.

(2) in an unhealthy way of thinking and depression early, generally taken to psychological therapy.

(3) The optimal solution is currently used 20mg 100 tablets / day, under the guidance of the need for doctors to use and decided to use the time and stop.

Oral diseases and diabetes

2009-04-20T08:47:00.000-04:00

Many diabetic patients are often subject to a number of oral diseases, and it is very difficult to cure, people can not help think of these diseases and diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes is the culprit of these oral diseases, high blood sugar lead to microvascular disease, caused by, including dry mouth, burning lips mucosa, congestion, edema glossitis, dry blade of tongue and other oral mucosal disease, mucosal immunity and makes the lower fungi, bacteria easy to cause the growth of microorganisms such as infection, severe thrush and other serious illnesses will have to. In addition, diabetic patients suffering from dental caries and periodontal disease have also greatly increased the chances that patients often gingival hyperemia, swelling, dental calculus deposition, tooth loss and other symptoms of loosening.

Control blood sugar and maintain oral hygiene is to prevent diabetes with the best way of oral diseases.

Does diabetes relate to autoimmunity?

2009-04-19T21:32:00.004-04:00

At present, medical workers, based on diabetes epidemiology, pathology, serology, etc. Many studies indicate that the incidence of diabetes is closely related with the autoimmune, especially insulin-dependent diabetes (type 1 diabetes) and autoimmunity relations more closely, based on the following:

1. In the I-type diabetes, the incidence within 6 months, death due to ketoacidosis, the autopsy found that the majority of patients in and around the islet lymphocyte infiltration of the pathological changes of islet inflammation and cell damage associated with the mouth and degranulation phenomena, such pathological changes prompted with autoimmune-related, and such changes in islet inflammation through the epidemiology and pathology has been confirmed infected with some virus-induced auto-immune related. About 50% ~ 70% of the I-diabetic patients have such pathological changes of pancreatic inflammation, suggesting I-type diabetes and autoimmune-related.

2. In the normal population of anti-islet cell antibody (1CA) of the positive rate of only 0.5% -1.7%; Ⅱ diabetic ICA-positive rate of about 5%, however; and I-type diabetes in ICA positive rate increased significantly. Anti-islet cell antibody (1CA) is an IgG immunoglobulin, serum Note ICA positive islet cells against the autoimmune response to the existence of such a reaction can cause the results of the extensive destruction of b cells and trigger diabetes, but also for the insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. In the UK the age of 16 were positive for early diabetes 85%, and all I diabetes mellitus, 38% positive rate. United States 594 cases of type I diabetes the ICA-positive rate was 33%. With the course of ICA reduced Lendrum, according to the report: I-type diabetes diagnosed within one year after the ICA-positive rate was 60%, 2 to 5 years to 20%, 10 ~ 20 years for 5% of the normal control group was 0.5%. Serological testing of these tips I diabetes mellitus with autoimmune-related.

Does diabetes relate to obesity?

2009-04-19T21:32:00.003-04:00

Through the survey showed that obesity and the incidence of diabetes has a clear relationship, but also for type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus. Over 40 years of age in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes, the body weight is more than 10 percent more than the standard 2 / 3, also shows that closely related to obesity and diabetes. The majority of scholars believe that obesity is type Ⅱ diabetes, one of the important factors.

Obese people with diabetes easy to do why? Medical researchers think that with the fat cell membrane to reduce the number of insulin receptor and insulin receptor for insulin-related factors such as affinity decreased. Normal fat cell membrane insulin receptor density per square micron of about 10 receptors, each of fat cells there are about more than 10,000 receptor. Obese fat mast cell membrane to reduce the density of the insulin receptor, a decrease in the number, affinity and insulin decreased, study shows obese type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus, erythrocyte insulin receptor and the affinity is only half the normal plasma insulin concentrations high but lower than normal small effect of sugar. Prove that there is a study under the same conditions, obese glucose consumption rate was only 40% of the control group, obese body that is not sensitive to insulin so glucose utilization decreased. Since the body is not sensitive to insulin, therefore increasing the demand for insulin, islet p cells must secrete more insulin to meet the needs of the body to control blood sugar in normal range. In order to meet this need, the long-term islet cells eventually lead to the overload of work 9 islet cell failure and diabetes.

Obesity on insulin sensitivity can be changed, the key is to control diet, excessive intake of food is often one of the reasons for obesity. Seriously as long as the obese control diet, the best high-fiber foods and appropriate physical exercise to strengthen, will be able to reduce obesity, reduce the hypertrophy of fat cells, their number and affinity of receptor to recover, so that the restoration of the body sensitive to insulin sex, this will help control the symptoms of diabetes so that blood sugar back to normal.

3. Diabetes, especially Type I diabetes is not only the serum antibody against insulin-secreting cells but also of many anti-self-organ-specific antibodies, antibodies such as anti-thyroid cells 2-4 times the normal, anti-adrenal antibodies in normal people

Group rare, and in patients with diabetes, about 30 times in non-diabetics.

4. Diabetes is often accompanied by patients or their relatives have other autoimmune diseases, such as: diffuse goiter with hyperthyroidism, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, primary hypothyroidism, primary adrenocortical function decline (Ah-sen's disease shovel ), myasthenia gravis, pernicious anemia, which are related to autoimmune diseases of the.

In short, the above study shows the incidence of diabetes and auto-immune, but the immune response caused by the initiating factors and the relationship between genetic factors and have yet to be further clarified.

Diabetes and high blood lipid

2009-04-19T21:32:00.001-04:00

Diabetes is the absolute lack of insulin as a result of the body or lack of insulin caused by elevated glucose diseases. In fact, insulin not only in charge of a high or low blood sugar, it is the body of our other two major categories of substances: fat and protein metabolism in the main control factors. Therefore, in diabetic patients, because of the role of insulin regulation of the occurrence of biological barriers, are often accompanied by disorders of lipid metabolism, abnormal lipid metabolism occur, known as "high blood cholesterol."

Lipids in the blood of various lipids such as cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, such as a general term. Hyperlipidemia is often used to describe the plasma cholesterol and (or), such as abnormally high triglycerides. Unusual increase in the adoption of some of these mechanisms of lipid deposition in the cell and the vessel wall, atherosclerotic plaque formation, resulting in a narrow vascular lumen, or occlusion, caused by angina, acute myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction and other serious consequences. These lipids in the blood are not soluble in water, and only with one or more molecules of protein binding as a lipoprotein in order to operate in the blood involved in the metabolism of the body. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) carry cholesterol in plasma is the main particles of atherosclerosis in patients with plasma low-density lipoprotein - cholesterol (LDL-C) increased, and the level of the higher incidence of coronary heart disease increase, so we call for the bad LDL-C cholesterol. And high-density lipoprotein - cholesterol (HDL-C) in the blood continue to carry peripheral cholesterol into the liver cell degradation, and promote the removal of peripheral cholesterol to prevent the occurrence of atherosclerosis, it is called good cholesterol. The most common diabetic dyslipidemia is elevated triglycerides and decreased high-density cholesterol.

Therefore, in order to avoid the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, diabetes patients with good glycemic control in addition to, the treatment of hyperlipidemia can not be ignored. First of all, the importance of diet therapy. The quality and quantity of fat can be a direct impact on lipid levels. Daily intake of 50-60 grams of fat is better, the daily intake of cholesterol should be controlled below 300 mg. General should be the main polyunsaturated fatty acids, limiting intake of saturated fatty acids. Various types of vegetable oils such as peanut oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, etc. are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, and animal oils, such as lard, butter contains unsaturated fatty acids mainly. Cholesterol foods from all food animal oil, egg yolk, animal offal, such as roe and brain, with high cholesterol should be no use. Furthermore, the increase in exercise, weight loss is effective.

Gestational diabetes mellitus and diabetic pregnancy

2009-04-19T21:31:00.001-04:00

Diabetes during pregnancy, mothers and infants have a high risk of complications of the merger. Sum it up in a great deal of clinical experience, so that maternal diabetes during pregnancy before and during pregnancy in a timely manner appropriate glycemic control and strict monitoring of the mother and fetus, the majority of female patients will be able to successfully give birth a healthy baby.

Diabetes in pregnancy, including both cases the main

Pre-pregnancy has been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes patients pregnancy, medically known as gestational diabetes mellitus; the other one is found that gestational diabetes occurs or is called gestational diabetes.

In recent years, the incidence of diabetes continue to rise, diabetic patients with pregnancy are also increased, In addition, diabetes during pregnancy as a result of extensive screening, the detection rate of gestational diabetes increased. The future incidence of diabetes in pregnancy will continue to rise, the pregnancy of women with diabetes, this will attract greater attention.

Gestational diabetes, type of diabetes patients is relatively light, the majority of the performance of abnormal glucose metabolism, post-partum return to normal; However, with age, old age, after developing into the risk of type 2 diabetes has not suffered more than pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus high. Although gestational diabetes mellitus light condition, if not early pregnancy diagnosis, treatment, still constitutes a threat to the fetus.

The impact of diabetes on pregnancy

Diabetes have a significant effect on the pregnancy, high blood sugar in pregnant women during early pregnancy can increase the rate of fetal malformations, spontaneous abortion also increased; in late high blood sugar during pregnancy, the fetus through the placenta caused by high blood sugar, have occurred in fetal hyperinsulinemia, which in turn leads excessive fetal growth, showed a huge increase in the fetus, after birth, these children prone to neonatal hypoglycemia; third trimester fetal hypoxia increased occurrence of severe cases of intrauterine fetal death. At the same time, patients with diabetes of pregnancy itself can increase glucose metabolism disorder, timely treatment is not easy to complicated ketosis, ketoacidosis can induce severe cases, even coma.

In addition, pregnancy-related complications such as diabetes so that the incidence of hypertension increased by 4 times to 6 times, easily over-complicated by amniotic fluid; diabetic ketoacidosis occurred in pregnant women is not only a serious threat to pregnant women, the fetus will also be a greater impact. As early as ketoacidosis occurred during pregnancy, will have an impact on embryonic development, resulting in the occurrence of fetal malformations, middle and late pregnancy complicated by ketoacidosis, will add to intrauterine hypoxia, fetal death occurred in severe cases. Previous study also showed: blood glucose control during pregnancy is not ideal for pregnant women in addition to intrauterine fetal death in late pregnancy increases, the delivery of neonatal lung maturity is often delayed, at risk after birth neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (caused by a variety of factors severe acute lung injury, lung tissue caused by obstacles to gas exchange, respiratory failure, often combine multiple organ failure), high neonatal mortality rate; In addition, the mother suddenly left neonatal hyperglycemia environment, if the birth did not provide timely relief to sugar copies, neonatal hypoglycemia significantly increased the incidence of neonatal polycythemia and hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia increased incidence. This shows that in patients with gestational diabetes is a more complex issue.

In recent years a large number of studies show that: during pregnancy if the time of diabetes diagnosis and treatment of patients, the majority of diabetic pregnant women is relatively satisfied with the outcome of pregnancy can the doctor in the medical and obstetric care of pregnancy, safe delivery of a healthy baby. These rare complications of mothers and infants.

Seriously ill patients with diabetes mellitus, diabetic patients with retinal damage, combined heart and kidney dysfunction are not pregnant. Other patients with poor blood sugar control should not be pregnant.

Ready pregnant

Pre-pregnancy diabetes must be prepared to conduct a comprehensive medical examination, consultation doctor in line with the conditions before pregnancy, during pregnancy out of oral hypoglycemic agents to use insulin, pre-pregnancy to maintain blood glucose within the normal range, to prevent high blood sugar when pregnant affect the normal development of embryos; diet during pregnancy continued to control and insulin therapy;regularly check blood glucose and body, in the event of poor blood sugar control or ketosis should be hospitalized as soon as possible; at the same time strengthen the monitoring of the fetus, if not, then the timely termination of pregnancy induced .

Once pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes diet to control the first. Carbohydrate intake was stable, the daily staple food for ~ 3OO grams grams 25O;the best day of five-six meals better. Deprivation of sweets, modest eat low sugar fruits, if the above can not satisfy the appetite of pregnant women may be a small amount of snacks in between meals to food-based protein-rich, should intake of vegetables, food rich in cellulose .

Volume must be adequate. Adjustment does not mean that the more the better to eat less, inadequate carbohydrate diet, resulting in easy occurrence of ketosis in pregnant women, pregnant women and fetuses are disadvantaged, so diabetic diet pregnant women should be experienced under the guidance of doctors and nutritionists to conduct. After diet, blood sugar is still not satisfied with the adjustment, that is fasting, or fasting blood glucose 35.8mmol / L; blood glucose two hours after meal 36.7mmol / L should be a timely addition of insulin to control blood sugar.

With the changes in gestational diabetes in pregnant women have a certain degree of change in blood glucose, the normal blood sugar control, pregnancy should be regular monitoring of blood glucose, blood glucose level in accordance with the adjustment of insulin dosage. Pregnant women as a result of decreased renal glucose threshold, urine can not accurately reflect the level of blood sugar, urine sugar therefore not possible to use during pregnancy to monitor the condition of diabetes in pregnant women to manage the situation. In addition, the third trimester fetal to strengthen monitoring, in order to detect fetal hypoxia.

For blood sugar control during pregnancy is unsatisfactory, it is necessary to terminate the pregnancy. Before the termination of pregnancy, amniotic puncture should be carried out to determine the situation of fetal lung maturity.

After birth should be strengthened monitoring, care, to discuss a range of neonatal complications.

Gestational Diabetes

Many pregnant women do not have diabetes before pregnancy, and gestational diabetes have emerged, which is why?

The reasons for the occurrence of gestational diabetes

1. Pregnancy occurred after the human endocrine changes in the placenta may produce some hormones, and the role of insulin resistance;

2. To increase carbohydrate metabolism during pregnancy, insulin is also a corresponding increase in demand;

3. Placental insulin-degrading enzyme can produce damage to the body of insulin.

The existence of these factors make insulin requirements increase during pregnancy, the secretion of insulin the body must also be increased, but for those who reduce the reserve capacity of insulin for pregnant women, there will be abnormal glucose metabolism, the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus. Therefore, granted that there is no diabetes in pregnant women can be the first symptoms of diabetes.

Not all women are bound to happen after pregnancy diabetes, there are several cases of pregnant women should pay attention to:

① diabetes family history;

② history of abnormal delivery, such as unexplained repeated miscarriage, stillbirth, stillbirth, neonatal death, fetal malformation or a huge delivery history;

③ The large fetus suspected pregnancy or polyhydramnios;

④ and repeated fungal vaginitis;

⑤ obese pregnant women;

⑥ age greater than 3O-year-old pregnant women;

⑦ early recurrent positive urine sugar;

⑧ more drinks, more food, more than those in urine.

Pregnant women, the attention of a reasonable diet to reduce high-sugar food intake, to avoid the total daily caloric intake too much, due to increase during exercise, can reduce and prevent the occurrence of gestational diabetes at the same time, doctors deal with these pregnant women in order to strengthen the blood sugar screening, early diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.

Diabetic women how to deal with the issue birth

2009-04-19T21:30:00.001-04:00

Diabetic pregnant women do not pay attention to if it will make diabetes worse, the occurrence of the risk of birth defects among women of reproductive age is normal for 3 times. But as long as attached great importance to scientific treatment, these adverse consequences can be avoided, and normal children born to women's health as a child can be healthy and smart.

Diabetic pregnant women want to pay attention to the following:

1. Diabetic women in uncontrolled diabetes, unstable blood sugar fluctuations, contraceptive measures should be taken to have been in the diabetes control and the stability of the planned pregnancy.

2. Pregnant should immediately go to the hospital after the examination, diagnosis by a doctor to determine whether to continue pregnancy. If you have any of the following complications of diabetes should be an immediate termination of pregnancy: (1) diabetic nephropathy, (2) proliferative retinopathy, (3) pelvic arterial calcification. Can continue to be prescribed by doctors to determine pregnancy.

3. No matter what pre-pregnancy treatment of diabetes, after pregnancy, in addition to diet control should switch to insulin therapy, oral hypoglycemic agents during pregnancy is disabled. Premixed insulin formulations of human insulin better election. Other non-diabetes drugs, can be used as far as possible there is no need for those who do not have to be whether or not the user should pay attention to diabetes and fetal growth and development impact.

4. During pregnancy, it is necessary to ensure that heat needs, catering to relax a little more control in order to ensure healthy growth and development of the fetus.

5. A regular basis to go to the hospital to check Endocrinology and Obstetrics and Gynecology. Diabetic pregnant women starting from the pregnancy should be monthly or every 2 months once. In addition to physical examination to assess fetal development and should do the following tests: (1) fasting and postprandial blood glucose, (2) urine, (3) glycosylated hemoglobin (two on each 1), (4) Pregnancy 3 months can be used to monitor fetal growth and development of ultrasound and amniotic fluid volume. Other items, such as blood lipids, blood, also have to check, but do not have to once a month.

In short, diabetes in pregnant women should be in Endocrinology and Obstetrics and Gynecology doctors continue to monitor the double pregnancy, as much as possible to maintain strict blood glucose in the normal range, regular testing is not relaxed, we can ensure that the mother and child safe.

Diabetes Nutrition and baby during pregnancy

2009-04-19T21:29:00.004-04:00

Information on the latest research shows that during pregnancy the mother's own nutritional supply of attention, resulting in malnutrition, infant will lead to a high prevalence rate of diabetes.

Boston researchers conducted the experiment mice in vivo experimental study. In the course of their experiments in a gradual reduction of the rats during pregnancy nutritional supply. After the final analysis, in which case the birth of the baby mice than normal-birth-weight data at the time obviously on the low side. In addition, three or four months after birth, these mice with the baby's blood glucose concentration than in normal mice showed an abnormal state.

U.S. professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School believe that the nutritional supply of fetal abnormal baby could be seriously weakened in its future growth and development process of the ability of pancreatic insulin secretion. This is due to the absorption if inadequate nutrition, a number of fetal cells will not carry out their own variation of normal.

The researchers therefore strongly appeal to women who can not afford to during pregnancy to ensure adequate nutrition, it is best not to fertility, it is responsible not only for the children while the mother's own health also will not do any harm.

How to know that you get diabetes?

2009-04-19T21:29:00.003-04:00

When there are symptoms of diabetes or suspect that their diabetes should test blood sugar.

(1) Random blood glucose measured at any time that the blood sugar level, such as> 200mg/dl (11.1 mmol / L), proved to have diabetes.

(2) fasting blood glucose or fasting overnight (at least 8 to 10 hours did not eat anything) measured blood glucose levels.

① if> 140mg/dl (7.0 mmol / L), and diabetes symptoms, proved to have diabetes

② 115 ~ 140mg/dl in between, should be further examination;

③ If <115mg/dl, only that the normal fasting blood glucose.

(3) oral glucose tolerance test:

① If no symptoms, but the fasting blood glucose> 140mg/dl, served two hours after the blood sugar glucose> 200mg/dl, proved to have diabetes

② no symptoms, and fasting blood sugar <140mg/dl,> 200mg/dl, such as meal 1 hour or 3 hours of blood glucose> 200mg/dl, the diagnosis can be.

③ symptoms, as long as the fasting plasma glucose or postprandial blood glucose two hours of an exception can be diagnosed.

under which circumstances suspected diabetes

2009-04-19T21:29:00.001-04:00

In the following circumstances should be taken into account the possibility of diabetes should immediately go to the hospital to be checked.

(1) family history of diabetes and more than 40 years of age.

(2) in particular are obese or thin.

(3) the reasons for weight loss can not be found, especially the original obesity, recent weight loss are.

(4) more drinking, polyuria were.

(5) risk carbuncle furuncle, carbuncle furuncle, particularly in low incidence, such as the winter season.

(6) recurrent urinary tract, biliary tract, lungs or other infected persons.

(7) female genital trichomonas infection rather than itching.

(8) have sensory disturbance, pain, Ma and other symptoms of peripheral neuritis.

(9) earlier emergence of cataract or visual acuity were reduced.

(10) intermittent claudication, lower limb pain.

(11) of lower extremity ulcers were unhealed.

(12) edema, proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome similar.

(13) urinary retention, intractable constipation or diarrhea.

(14) early symptoms of atherosclerosis such as angina, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular disease ( hemiplegia, etc.).

(15) ketone poisoning symptoms appear. Anorexia, nausea, vomiting and even coma appears very beginning.

(16) have a great baby birth (weight more than 4kg) history.

(17) have pregnancy complications, such as repeated abortion, gestosis, polyhydramnios, intrauterine fetal death, stillbirth were.

(18) there are those who respond to hypoglycemia.

The diabetes prevalence fact

2009-04-19T21:28:00.003-04:00

Diabetes is a serious global public health problem, and the rapid development of people's health a growing threat to developing countries, causing great loss of labor. Unreasonable diet and lack of exercise in diabetic patients is the world's key reasons for rapid increase. Type 2 diabetes in patients with diabetes accounted for more than 90%.

In 2005, more than 180 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes, it is envisaged that by 2030, this figure should increase by 2 times, about 290 million people worldwide die from diabetes.

80% of diabetes deaths occur in low and middle income countries. Globally, every 10 seconds a person died of diabetes, at the same time there are 2 in 10 individuals with diabetes. Diabetes each year increase in the number of 7,000,000 in the world with the generation of the number of diabetes will be more than 350 million people, and most concentrated in Asia. ,35-64 in developing countries, the age groups, each at least 10 people died in a diabetic. And even in some areas as much as one fifth.

Diabetes younger, an increase of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, leading to premature death.

The death of about 50% of diabetic population aged 70 years of age, 55% are women.

The elderly (over 65 years of age) is the population aged 20-40 with diabetes risk by 10 times. By 2007, Europe will have one-third of the population aged over 50 years of age will be 60-79-year-old crowd will be the highest incidence of diabetes in patients with the crowd. However, in some other regions such as South America, Southeast Asia and Western Pacific Region, 40-59-year-old diabetic population will suffer a high incidence of severe attacks.

The number of people die each year from diabetes is much higher than the number of people died of AIDS.

Diabetes can cause complications in many organs, including heart, eye, kidney, nerve damage and stroke. Poor, vulnerable populations are in risk insurance.

The world every 30 seconds as a result of diabetes and amputations. It is estimated that at least 85% of amputations can be avoided.

In developed countries, diabetes is the blind and visually impaired adults, the main reason.

The elderly are often not only the economic constraints (in developing countries, 80% of the elderly do not have a fixed income), but also in need of medical and health care. More prominent is that the activities of limited information on the scarcity of such factors as distance makes the elderly unable to obtain appropriate health care of diabetes.

On the other hand the vicious cycle of diabetes also have an impact on society and the family. By 2007, the world of diabetes and its complications is estimated that medical costs will reach 215-375 billion U.S. dollars, while the majority of costs are occurring in developed countries.

It is estimated that in developing countries, those poor people with diabetes will be 25% of annual income spent on medical costs of diabetes. In this way, causing more economic hardship for people in poverty and had to choose: either because the doctor and the debt-ridden, or to endure pain and face disability or death.

What is Type I diabetes?

2009-04-19T21:28:00.001-04:00

Also known as young-onset diabetes because it often before the age of onset in 35, accounting for 10% of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes rely on insulin treatment, that is to say from the onset to start patients on the need to use insulin therapy, and life-long use. The reason is that patients with type 1 diabetes the pancreas produce insulin, the body of the cell has been completely damaged, and thus have completely lost the function of insulin.
Absolute lack of insulin in the body, the blood sugar level will continue to rise, there diabetes.

Insulin was found in 1921 in the past, people have no better way to lower blood sugar in diabetic patients, most patients died soon after in the incidence of various complications of diabetes. With the discovery and application of insulin-clinical, in patients with type 1 diabetes, like normal people can enjoy the same health and life expectancy.

What is Type II diabetes?

2009-04-19T21:27:00.003-04:00

Also known as adult-onset diabetes, more than 35 ~ 40-year-old after the incidence, accounting for more than 90% of patients with diabetes. Patients with type 2 diabetes produce insulin, the ability of the body is not completely lost, and some patients might even have too much insulin, but the effect of insulin is greatly reduced, so the patient is a relative lack of insulin.

Some oral drugs can stimulate insulin secretion in vivo. However, some patients still need the latter as type 1 diabetes as insulin therapy for.

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type 1 before and the name of type 2 diabetes, often as a result of this name will cause the treatment of patients with diabetes misunderstanding of insulin, have been international and domestic sector away diabetes no.

The normal range of blood glucose

2009-04-19T21:27:00.001-04:00

Diabetes is a sugar-related diseases. Let us from human blood glucose start.

The human body is composed of many organs and tissues to form a unified whole. Each part of the human body to play their respective functions and interrelated and mutually constraining, the body is able to in the various aspects of the environment of stability and balance. Once a balance has been destroyed, people will fall ill.

Blood glucose is the main energy of human material. Under normal circumstances, blood glucose concentrations in the day is mild fluctuations, in general slightly lower fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose is slightly higher, but the fluctuations remain within a certain range.

Normal fasting blood glucose fluctuations in the concentration of 3.9 ~ 6.1mmol / L (70 ~ 110mg/dl) between. 2 hours postprandial blood sugar is slightly higher, but should be less than 7.8mmol / L (<140mg/dl). Because the normal production and utilization of blood sugar is in a dynamic equilibrium, and therefore able to maintain relatively stable blood sugar, neither too high nor too low.

A normal range of blood glucose

Fasting blood glucose 3.9-6.1mmol / L

2 hours postprandial blood glucose 3.9-7.8mmol / L

What is gestational diabetes?

2009-04-19T21:26:00.002-04:00

Gestational diabetes refers to the occurrence of pregnancy or the first time, that of diabetes, of which 80% -90% of pregnant women without diabetes in the pre-history, about 10% in pre-pregnancy diabetes has been hidden there, but I have not found it .

Gestational Diabetes occurs because of hormone secretion after pregnancy, in human tissues peripheral role of insulin resistance, with the increase in gestational age, especially in the 24-28 weeks of pregnancy when they reached a peak, so doctors will at this stage in pregnant women for the diabetes screening test. Information on the hospital found that the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in 1996 from 2% to 4.6% of 2003, which may be related to pregnant women over补养, restaurants and other irrational factors.

Gestational diabetes on maternal and child have against, and in pregnancy-induced hypertension-prone, too much amniotic fluid, neonatal hypoglycemia and macrosomia incidence of an increase in the risk of dystocia. Gestational diabetes diet therapy is the main method, only 10% -20% of patients using insulin therapy, oral hypoglycemic agents during pregnancy is disabled. Statistics show that women have gestational diabetes, 5 to 10 years suffering from type 2 diabetes is 50% chance of -60% of gestational diabetes should also pay attention to the prevention of post-recovery.

Diabetes diagnosis (part2)

2009-04-19T21:26:00.001-04:00

Diagnostic criteria: the majority of the use of the current proposed 1985 WHO provisional standard as follows:

⑴ diabetes symptoms, at any time venous plasma glucose ≥ 200mg/dl (11.1mmol / L) and fasting venous plasma glucose ≥ 140mg/dl (7.8mmol / L) can be diagnosed as diabetes.

If the result ⑵ suspicious, should be carried out OGTT (oral glucose adults 75g), per kg body weight of children 1.75g, total no more than 75g), 2 hPG ≥ 200mg/dl (11.1mmol / L) can be diagnosed as diabetes. Blood glucose> 140mg/dl ~ <200mg/dl for impaired glucose tolerance (TGT).

⑶ symptoms such as non-diabetic, with the exception of these two diagnostic criteria, the indicators need to be a plus to help diagnosis, OGTT curve in the 1 ° or 2 ° blood glucose ≥ 200mg/dl or another fasting blood glucose ≥ 140mg/dl.

⑷ gestational diabetes diagnostic criteria can be used to this.

Diagnosis of diabetes should be the exception of the impact of fashion tolerance of a variety of factors, including the anterior pituitary, adrenal cortex, endocrine diseases such as hyperthyroidism, obesity, liver disease, a variety of drugs (such as Thiazide diuretics, female contraceptives, glucocorticoids hormones, phenytoin, p-A thiadiazines, etc.), stress (such as fever, infection, acute myocardial infarction, surgery, etc.), loss of potassium.

2. Determination of blood glucose 2h after a meal to eat the equivalent of 100g of sugar glucose steamed food such as rice, such as 2, after two or 2h glucose, such as more than 140mg/dl were reduced tolerance, ≥ 200mg/dl for diabetes.

As a result of sugar starvation diet or impaired glucose tolerance can, therefore try to adjust before the 3d should be noted that feeding carbohydrate diet so that not less than 250g / d, in order to obtain reliable results.

Some patients to take an estimate of the β-cell function or status of glycemic control, can make the following determination:

1. Determination of fasting plasma insulin in our hospital measured by radioimmunoassay in fasting plasma insulin and normal range of 5 ~ 20μu/ml, Ⅰ-type patients following 5μu/ml often, sometimes as low as not measured. Type Ⅱ patients with normal plasma insulin concentration, a small number of those who have low, often higher than normal in obese patients, who showed significantly increased hyperinsulinemia, suggesting that there is insulin resistance. For the metabolic syndrome in which a component can be considered a risk factor for coronary heart disease in recent years concern. Insulin and insulin-immune cross-cutting nature of the original, it can be for the general radioimmunoassay method to measure, but the adverse cardiovascular effects of proinsulin on insulin and may even be worse. Research has been applied to the determination of proinsulin clinical.

2. Insulin release test in the oral glucose tolerance test conducted at the same time when the determination of plasma insulin concentration to reflect the function of pancreatic β-cell reserve. In addition to type Ⅰ patients fasting level is very low, the glucose-stimulated insulin levels are still low, flat curve was low, especially at the same time calculation of the glucose (G) and insulin (IRI) ratio, (IRI) / G, prompt insulin secretion low (normal for 25μu/mg). Fasting patients with type Ⅱ normal or high level, stimulated the release was delayed. After the glucose-stimulated insulin without a marked increase in the water or the low, suggesting that the lower β-cell function.

3.C peptide release from pancreatic β-cells after insulin by the liver and kidney enzymes by insulin can eliminate, in the peripheral blood of each cycle will be 80 percent destroyed, and its half-life of only 4.8 minutes, the blood concentration of only on behalf of its secretion of a very small portion of the total. Department of C-peptide and insulin from proinsulin split into categories of objects, such as peptides, enzymes from the liver can eliminate only the role of the excretion by the kidneys and its half-life of 10 to 11 minutes, the blood concentration can be more better reflect the function of pancreatic β-cell reserve. Determination of C-peptide without the interference of insulin antibodies, and determination of non-insulin cross-immune response, but also free from the impact of insulin injections, it has been used in recent years, measured the blood concentration of C-peptide or 24-hour urine excretion to reflect the β-cell secretion function.

⑴ Determination of serum C-peptide concentration: 2 immunization using radioimmunoassay method when the normal fasting serum C-peptide was 1.0 ± 0.23mg/dl, when oral glucose peak after 60 minutes to see when the concentration of 3.1ng / ml, measured according to Block, etc. , 100g oral glucose in normal serum C-peptide from 1.3 ± 0.3ng/ml at 60 minutes rose to 4.4 ± 0.8ng/ml, Ⅱ type diabetes rose by only two hours after 2.3ng/ml. Another five cases had type Ⅰ patients to rule for more than 5 years of insulin C-peptide levels were very low, both when fasting and after stimulation have not been measured.

⑵ 24-hour urine C-peptide determination: normal 24-hour urine C-peptide was 36 ± 4μg, Ⅰ-type patients only 1.1 ± 0.5μg, Ⅱ-type patients who were 24 ± 7μg, daily C-peptide of insulin secretion from the equivalent of about the amount of 5%, while insulin output accounted for only 0.1%.

Determination of the above-mentioned C-peptide to insulin administration in type Ⅰ way patients can be identified β-cell function, at present, not only for scientific research, often using clinical.

Determination of 4.HbA1c normal fasting blood glucose and blood glucose fluctuations may reflect the greater recent blood sugar 2 to 3 months, the normal HbA1c6%, HbA1 for 8%, diabetes often are higher than normal.

5. Fructosamine Fructosamine normal serum 2.13 ± 0.24mmol / L (plasma low-0.3mmol / L), can reflect the nearly 1 ~ 4 weeks in the case of blood glucose, and HbA1c parallel, regardless of diabetes type Ⅰ, Ⅱ-type have increased, particularly for the high type Ⅰ.

In short, diagnosis of diabetes can be the root of history, clinical manifestations, combined with the above-mentioned urine sugar, blood glucose and OGTT identified. In addition, it has yet to identify a variety of complications and associated disorders, and the estimation of their severity, type, stage of development and function of major organs such as the treatment of this disease and the prognosis is very important.