Hypoglycemia in elderly diabetic patients is mainly the use of hypoglycemic drug overdose caused by, including excessive oral hypoglycemic agents, insulin use excessive, or other diseases due to the use of paracetamol, propranolol and other drugs to enhance the role of hypoglycemic drugs.
In addition, old age is often accompanied by diabetes have heart and kidney dysfunction, heart failure leading to an effective reduction of blood flow. Renal insufficiency of glomerular filtration rate so that lower hypoglycemic agents may lead to accumulation in the body. Regulating hormones and the function of the elderly poor, in the case of sugar, when sugar can not increase the secretion of hormones, and thus easy to hypoglycemia.
When the blood sugar to 2.5mmI / L or when the sympathetic nervous system can occur in response, expressed as a cold sweat, irritability, palpitations, tremor, pale, and so there is hunger, when patients drink a glass of water or eat some candy block, or a small amount of diet, these symptoms can be eased; If blood sugar continues to decline, it will have the symptoms of central nervous system, manifested as headache, drowsiness, coma, convulsions, etc.. If a further reduction in blood glucose can cause permanent damage to the central nervous system.
This shows that elderly people should pay attention to the prevention of diabetic hypoglycemia, patients learn to self-monitoring condition, their own urine sugar tests, conditional trace can be self-blood glucose monitoring device, to capture the fluctuations in blood sugar, especially in strict accordance with the doctor's advice to use and can not authorization to increase the drug dose, the volume of activities encountered temporary increase, or can not eat, or eat because of poor appetite decrease, the need for the timely adjustment of the dosage of hypoglycemic agents.
The initial patients taking hypoglycemic agents should be started from small doses, glibenclamide should be used with caution due to glibenclamide in the commonly used hypoglycemic agents is the role of the strongest, longest role of drugs in the course in the use of low - the highest incidence of blood glucose. Should also be noted that the elderly should not have to ask for their blood glucose to normal, the control standards in order to achieve an appropriate level of mitigation is appropriate, avoid overkill.
April 29, 2009
Diabetic patients with tuberculosis and the cause of clinical nursing
1. Cause
Diabetes is a common endocrine metabolic diseases, the cause has not yet fully understood. Drink for the clinical features, polyuria, and more food and weight loss syndrome. Poor control can cause many complications. At present, the incidence of diabetic patients with tuberculosis are relatively high. Sugar as a result of the lack of protein can not take full advantage of the lower body resistance and immunity. Human immunity to TB are: congenital and acquired immunity, two kinds of immunity. Which acquired a strong immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis after BCG vaccination or after infection with specificity. After being infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis incidence, depending on the number of bacterial invasion and virulence, the body's immune system and body's allergic reactions and other factors. Over the past few years we in the treatment of tuberculosis among treated patients with diabetes on the number of cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. The treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in the clinical course of disease is relatively slow. I am years from 1998 -2003 a total of 35 cases of complications in patients admitted to our nursing experience now described below.
2. Objects and care
2.1 Object
35 cases of this group, 18 cases of male and 17 females, aged 25-75 years old, diabetic patients with tuberculosis.
2.2 Nursing
2.2.1 Food care: diabetes diet is the most basic of measures, regardless of insulin or oral hypoglycemic medication patients need to control diet, in order to stabilize the patient's condition. Stressed the importance of diet therapy, to give the patient or family members repeatedly tell the control diet is the most basic method of treatment of diabetes, medication alone is not satisfactory efficacy. Diet to patients alone, the church and the preparation of the patient calculated calorie recipes, and strictly enforced. Caloric intake may exercise discretion to increase malnutrition, obesity reduce it to the amount of fat a day should be tightly controlled selection of the best no more than 40g of vegetable oil. Promote use of crude fiber content of food in order to increase gastric motility, slow digestion and absorption, add enough of the vitamin B vitamins in particular. Reasonable distribution of food,wish to avoid eating more than the burden of insulin.
2.2.2 to observe the reaction of nursing administration: insulin therapy should be closely monitored patients. Often the following symptoms: pale, palpitation, a cold sweat, dizziness, nausea and hunger, as were unclear, the above symptoms should be attention. Low blood sugar reactions generally occur in the injection of insulin for half an hour (when not eating), or 3-4 hours or caused by excessive insulin, or brittle diabetic patients, urine negative for several days, insulin reduction is not timely. To prevent low blood sugar reaction, generally half an hour in each meal fasting insulin injection. Observed after injection should also pay attention to. Timely treatment of low blood sugar reactions, first of all, the patients lying, oxygen, proper eating carbohydrates such as sugar, biscuits, etc., often can be eased. Low blood sugar coma if a timely notice of a doctor. 50% intravenous glucose 40-60ml. Timely collection of urine, blood and ready to actively cooperate with the inspection of doctors jointly controlled hypoglycemia caused by drug overdose.
2.2.3 diabetic patients with clinical TB care: After the merger of anti-tuberculosis drug-sensitive TB declining, relatively long treatment duration. The performance of patients after onset of symptoms: low-heat in the afternoon sweating, fatigue, poor appetite, weight loss. Women may have menstrual disorders or amenorrhea. Respiratory symptoms: cough, sputum, chest pain, breathing difficulties have varying degrees of hemoptysis. TB as quickly as possible in order to effectively control the situation in tuberculosis before chemotherapy in patients with sputum smear investigation. Second AFB, blood, urine, liver function of the time, a chest X-ray. Treatment of sputum smear during the second month, every three months to check blood, urine, liver function of the time. Chest X-ray taken at the end of a course of treatment.
TB patients to take anti-TB chemotherapy in TB control in the play a decisive role. Of active tuberculosis chemotherapy must adhere to the early days, the joint, regular, regular, full use of the principle of drug-sensitive. Standard chemotherapy: mild 12-18 months, 18-24 months of severe, short-course chemotherapy, treatment is started 2-3 months strengthening phase, the consolidation phase of the whole 2-3 months. Chemotherapy, we should be monitoring of management. Such as the use of rifampicin (RFP) and to observe the liver, any change in liver function, whether the yellow staining of skin, nausea, vomiting. Use of ammonia, oxygen acid (PAS) have stomach discomfort. Use of pyrazinamide (PZA) in deep joints feel any pain. Taking isoniazid (INH) whether symptoms of tinnitus. Star阿卡米sulfate (KM) intravenous administration of this drug have some renal toxicity, routine laboratory tests before treatment. Blood urea nitrogen medication review process once a month. Period in the clinical treatment of the disease should strictly monitor the changes in the integrated care initiative.
3. The results
Over the past few years we have a doctor of clinical nursing staff in patient treatment and care, 81% diabetes mellitus to achieve a cure rate of tuberculosis. 19% of patients with diabetes as a result of relatively heavy, drug-sensitive TB declining, stable disease treatment, has received satisfactory results.
4. Discussion
Diabetic patients with pulmonary tuberculosis care:
4.1 Treatment of diabetes mellitus with clinical tuberculosis more difficult. Diabetes as a result of disordered glucose metabolism, resulting in strengthening the role of gluconeogenesis, resulting in accelerated decomposition of antibody protein complement and reduce the generation of immune globulin. After the merger of anti-tuberculosis drug-sensitive TB decline, a longer course of treatment. The performance of patients after onset of symptoms: low-heat in the afternoon sweating, fatigue, poor appetite, weight loss. Women may have menstrual disorders or amenorrhea. Respiratory symptoms: cough sputum, chest pain, breathing difficulties and varying degrees of hemoptysis. In order to control the disease as soon as possible. Clinical timely application of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy treatment, in the treatment of close observation, we monitor the care of chemotherapy drugs. More side-effects of anti-TB drugs, drugs in the treatment of sensitive observation, and symptomatic treatment if the drug is not sensitive to the dressing was changed in time in order to achieve therapeutic effect.
4.2 during treatment to guide our patients with the nursing staff to be patient and eliminate tension, to maintain a good attitude. Indoor ventilation to maintain indoor air fresh. Frequently in stable condition after the step-by-step outdoor static, not fatigue, strict compliance with the orders on time and on medication, to control blood sugar, keep the skin clean to prevent infection to prevent complications.
Diabetes is a common endocrine metabolic diseases, the cause has not yet fully understood. Drink for the clinical features, polyuria, and more food and weight loss syndrome. Poor control can cause many complications. At present, the incidence of diabetic patients with tuberculosis are relatively high. Sugar as a result of the lack of protein can not take full advantage of the lower body resistance and immunity. Human immunity to TB are: congenital and acquired immunity, two kinds of immunity. Which acquired a strong immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis after BCG vaccination or after infection with specificity. After being infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis incidence, depending on the number of bacterial invasion and virulence, the body's immune system and body's allergic reactions and other factors. Over the past few years we in the treatment of tuberculosis among treated patients with diabetes on the number of cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. The treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in the clinical course of disease is relatively slow. I am years from 1998 -2003 a total of 35 cases of complications in patients admitted to our nursing experience now described below.
2. Objects and care
2.1 Object
35 cases of this group, 18 cases of male and 17 females, aged 25-75 years old, diabetic patients with tuberculosis.
2.2 Nursing
2.2.1 Food care: diabetes diet is the most basic of measures, regardless of insulin or oral hypoglycemic medication patients need to control diet, in order to stabilize the patient's condition. Stressed the importance of diet therapy, to give the patient or family members repeatedly tell the control diet is the most basic method of treatment of diabetes, medication alone is not satisfactory efficacy. Diet to patients alone, the church and the preparation of the patient calculated calorie recipes, and strictly enforced. Caloric intake may exercise discretion to increase malnutrition, obesity reduce it to the amount of fat a day should be tightly controlled selection of the best no more than 40g of vegetable oil. Promote use of crude fiber content of food in order to increase gastric motility, slow digestion and absorption, add enough of the vitamin B vitamins in particular. Reasonable distribution of food,wish to avoid eating more than the burden of insulin.
2.2.2 to observe the reaction of nursing administration: insulin therapy should be closely monitored patients. Often the following symptoms: pale, palpitation, a cold sweat, dizziness, nausea and hunger, as were unclear, the above symptoms should be attention. Low blood sugar reactions generally occur in the injection of insulin for half an hour (when not eating), or 3-4 hours or caused by excessive insulin, or brittle diabetic patients, urine negative for several days, insulin reduction is not timely. To prevent low blood sugar reaction, generally half an hour in each meal fasting insulin injection. Observed after injection should also pay attention to. Timely treatment of low blood sugar reactions, first of all, the patients lying, oxygen, proper eating carbohydrates such as sugar, biscuits, etc., often can be eased. Low blood sugar coma if a timely notice of a doctor. 50% intravenous glucose 40-60ml. Timely collection of urine, blood and ready to actively cooperate with the inspection of doctors jointly controlled hypoglycemia caused by drug overdose.
2.2.3 diabetic patients with clinical TB care: After the merger of anti-tuberculosis drug-sensitive TB declining, relatively long treatment duration. The performance of patients after onset of symptoms: low-heat in the afternoon sweating, fatigue, poor appetite, weight loss. Women may have menstrual disorders or amenorrhea. Respiratory symptoms: cough, sputum, chest pain, breathing difficulties have varying degrees of hemoptysis. TB as quickly as possible in order to effectively control the situation in tuberculosis before chemotherapy in patients with sputum smear investigation. Second AFB, blood, urine, liver function of the time, a chest X-ray. Treatment of sputum smear during the second month, every three months to check blood, urine, liver function of the time. Chest X-ray taken at the end of a course of treatment.
TB patients to take anti-TB chemotherapy in TB control in the play a decisive role. Of active tuberculosis chemotherapy must adhere to the early days, the joint, regular, regular, full use of the principle of drug-sensitive. Standard chemotherapy: mild 12-18 months, 18-24 months of severe, short-course chemotherapy, treatment is started 2-3 months strengthening phase, the consolidation phase of the whole 2-3 months. Chemotherapy, we should be monitoring of management. Such as the use of rifampicin (RFP) and to observe the liver, any change in liver function, whether the yellow staining of skin, nausea, vomiting. Use of ammonia, oxygen acid (PAS) have stomach discomfort. Use of pyrazinamide (PZA) in deep joints feel any pain. Taking isoniazid (INH) whether symptoms of tinnitus. Star阿卡米sulfate (KM) intravenous administration of this drug have some renal toxicity, routine laboratory tests before treatment. Blood urea nitrogen medication review process once a month. Period in the clinical treatment of the disease should strictly monitor the changes in the integrated care initiative.
3. The results
Over the past few years we have a doctor of clinical nursing staff in patient treatment and care, 81% diabetes mellitus to achieve a cure rate of tuberculosis. 19% of patients with diabetes as a result of relatively heavy, drug-sensitive TB declining, stable disease treatment, has received satisfactory results.
4. Discussion
Diabetic patients with pulmonary tuberculosis care:
4.1 Treatment of diabetes mellitus with clinical tuberculosis more difficult. Diabetes as a result of disordered glucose metabolism, resulting in strengthening the role of gluconeogenesis, resulting in accelerated decomposition of antibody protein complement and reduce the generation of immune globulin. After the merger of anti-tuberculosis drug-sensitive TB decline, a longer course of treatment. The performance of patients after onset of symptoms: low-heat in the afternoon sweating, fatigue, poor appetite, weight loss. Women may have menstrual disorders or amenorrhea. Respiratory symptoms: cough sputum, chest pain, breathing difficulties and varying degrees of hemoptysis. In order to control the disease as soon as possible. Clinical timely application of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy treatment, in the treatment of close observation, we monitor the care of chemotherapy drugs. More side-effects of anti-TB drugs, drugs in the treatment of sensitive observation, and symptomatic treatment if the drug is not sensitive to the dressing was changed in time in order to achieve therapeutic effect.
4.2 during treatment to guide our patients with the nursing staff to be patient and eliminate tension, to maintain a good attitude. Indoor ventilation to maintain indoor air fresh. Frequently in stable condition after the step-by-step outdoor static, not fatigue, strict compliance with the orders on time and on medication, to control blood sugar, keep the skin clean to prevent infection to prevent complications.
family members give diabetes patients decompression
Relatives suffering from diabetes, family members would be more sad, this is human nature, but face the reality and should control their own families, to eliminate fears and concerns as soon as possible, because the families of diabetic patients on the expression, attitudes, and behavior are very sensitive, regardless of their loved ones condition, the family members of patients to be calm before the calm, so that patients receive psychological and spiritual support for patients and create a favorable living environment.
Treatment of diabetic patients in good or bad, in a very large extent to the families of the co-ordination and can not be separated from family members in addition to support the spirit of the living to take care of patients and, more importantly, played a role of doctors and care, Therefore the families of the first diabetic to have a correct understanding of the basic. Such as
(1) Although no cure for diabetes, but it is not an incurable disease, family members should be persuaded to adopt a positive attitude with a good treatment of the patient;
(2) Diabetes is not infectious, do not find it too patient, to increase the patient's psychological stress;
(3) chronic complications of diabetes appear to be fully understood, can not add to the distress of patients and so on.
In addition, patients with long-term control because of the need to diet or (and) drug use, especially in patients insulin injection, or other various reasons, sometimes performance, such as depression, family members with medical and nursing staff to the greatest extent possible to persuade and encourage patients to and establish a long-term battle and disease confidence.
Family members in compliance with the dietary treatment of diabetes based on the principle of diverse varieties as possible, the patients who love to eat nutritious meals. To encourage patients to. Family members of patients should also make every effort to resolve the ideological or dispersed its energy, so that freed from the gloom out of the family members of patients should be urged by the amount of time on medication, trying not to ideas, so as not to delay the opportunity for medical treatment.
Treatment of diabetic patients in good or bad, in a very large extent to the families of the co-ordination and can not be separated from family members in addition to support the spirit of the living to take care of patients and, more importantly, played a role of doctors and care, Therefore the families of the first diabetic to have a correct understanding of the basic. Such as
(1) Although no cure for diabetes, but it is not an incurable disease, family members should be persuaded to adopt a positive attitude with a good treatment of the patient;
(2) Diabetes is not infectious, do not find it too patient, to increase the patient's psychological stress;
(3) chronic complications of diabetes appear to be fully understood, can not add to the distress of patients and so on.
In addition, patients with long-term control because of the need to diet or (and) drug use, especially in patients insulin injection, or other various reasons, sometimes performance, such as depression, family members with medical and nursing staff to the greatest extent possible to persuade and encourage patients to and establish a long-term battle and disease confidence.
Family members in compliance with the dietary treatment of diabetes based on the principle of diverse varieties as possible, the patients who love to eat nutritious meals. To encourage patients to. Family members of patients should also make every effort to resolve the ideological or dispersed its energy, so that freed from the gloom out of the family members of patients should be urged by the amount of time on medication, trying not to ideas, so as not to delay the opportunity for medical treatment.
April 28, 2009
Experts in prevention and treatment of senile diabetes ideas
Living Well, life span is longer, the incidence of diabetes in the elderly has increased significantly. In diabetic patients, elderly patients with diabetes accounted for 30% of senile diabetes is a threat to the health of the elderly.
How to determine if they had diabetes? How the prevention and treatment of senile diabetes? With a number of issues of concern to the elderly, the reporter interviewed a provincial deputy director of the Chinese medicine doctor of internal medicine Dr. Zhao Quanlin.
Three types of diabetes in elderly
Basically, the elderly are type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus, there are three types: the elderly caused by obesity diabetes, lack of exercise-induced diabetes and the elderly family genetic history of diabetes caused by old age.
Most of asymptomatic diabetes in elderly
Hidden elderly onset diabetes, a relatively minor symptoms, no problem of "a little over 3" (polydipsia polyuria eat more weight loss) symptoms, and some will also appear in patients with mild fatigue, weakness, dry mouth, weight loss, etc. symptoms of diabetes in elderly general inspection body or in the diagnosis and treatment of other diseases when found. Wait until there are more obvious symptoms, the incidence of a long time already, and even has some asymptomatic patients.
How to determine whether the risk of diabetes
We determine whether the elderly suffer from diabetes, blood glucose mainly by check. When fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol / L, or after a meal blood glucose ≥ 11.1mmol / L on the note had been suffering from diabetes. In early diabetes, the relatively short treatment time can be 23 days or a week or so check blood sugar, are relatively stable condition of the patients about half a month to check once a month, there are some patients once a day or two, or even a few day times, this is completely unnecessary.
Prone to complications of diabetes in elderly
Long course of disease in elderly diabetic, prone to complications, this is the inevitable old-age trend of development of diabetes, which led to the death of elderly patients with diabetes are basically the heart, brain and kidney complications of diabetes, diabetes complications in elderly diabetic heart disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetes and so on dozens of cerebral complications. There have been a patient like playing mahjong, do not take medicine, and pay no attention to diet is often to drink, there have been kidney damage, leading to diabetic nephropathy, and later developed into a uremia, can only rely on life-sustaining hemodialysis.
The purpose of control in elderly diabetic complications is the control to ensure the health of the elderly. Better control of complications to control blood sugar, blood pressure and lipid control, control of high blood viscosity and so on.
How to determine if they had diabetes? How the prevention and treatment of senile diabetes? With a number of issues of concern to the elderly, the reporter interviewed a provincial deputy director of the Chinese medicine doctor of internal medicine Dr. Zhao Quanlin.
Three types of diabetes in elderly
Basically, the elderly are type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus, there are three types: the elderly caused by obesity diabetes, lack of exercise-induced diabetes and the elderly family genetic history of diabetes caused by old age.
Most of asymptomatic diabetes in elderly
Hidden elderly onset diabetes, a relatively minor symptoms, no problem of "a little over 3" (polydipsia polyuria eat more weight loss) symptoms, and some will also appear in patients with mild fatigue, weakness, dry mouth, weight loss, etc. symptoms of diabetes in elderly general inspection body or in the diagnosis and treatment of other diseases when found. Wait until there are more obvious symptoms, the incidence of a long time already, and even has some asymptomatic patients.
How to determine whether the risk of diabetes
We determine whether the elderly suffer from diabetes, blood glucose mainly by check. When fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol / L, or after a meal blood glucose ≥ 11.1mmol / L on the note had been suffering from diabetes. In early diabetes, the relatively short treatment time can be 23 days or a week or so check blood sugar, are relatively stable condition of the patients about half a month to check once a month, there are some patients once a day or two, or even a few day times, this is completely unnecessary.
Prone to complications of diabetes in elderly
Long course of disease in elderly diabetic, prone to complications, this is the inevitable old-age trend of development of diabetes, which led to the death of elderly patients with diabetes are basically the heart, brain and kidney complications of diabetes, diabetes complications in elderly diabetic heart disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetes and so on dozens of cerebral complications. There have been a patient like playing mahjong, do not take medicine, and pay no attention to diet is often to drink, there have been kidney damage, leading to diabetic nephropathy, and later developed into a uremia, can only rely on life-sustaining hemodialysis.
The purpose of control in elderly diabetic complications is the control to ensure the health of the elderly. Better control of complications to control blood sugar, blood pressure and lipid control, control of high blood viscosity and so on.
How to care for the elderly with diabetes
With the continuous improvement of living standards, changes in diet, the incidence of diabetes was an upward trend year after year. To really prevent exacerbations and complications, in addition to early diagnosis, timely treatment, more importantly, to do a good job of diabetic elderly home care.
The event as a result of diabetes, with almost life-long and long-term medication to the patient a heavy financial burden and mental stress. In particular, fear of complications, most patients with the spirit of malaise, depression, loss of confidence in the fight against the disease. In view of this situation, the patient once the diagnosis, we should sympathize with comfort, while the incidence of diabetes awareness, prevention, treatment of the relevant knowledge, enhance their confidence in the fight against disease.
Diabetic patients the most important thing is diet control. Standards should be strictly controlled diet, diabetic diet master calculation. Total daily calories in the control of standards under the premise of increasing the high-cellulose, low-fat diet, each meal deprivation, the daily number of meals.
Daily life should be strengthened elderly diabetic oral and skin care to prevent infection; attention to warm, the prevention of upper respiratory tract infection and pulmonary complications, the prevention of urinary tract infection; accurate records of urine, measurement of body weight on time.
The family home to buy the best measurement of blood glucose and urine sugar measurements of the paper and on time to the elderly diabetic blood sugar, urine sugar, but this self-test can not be replaced regularly measuring hospital. If it is found that fluctuations in blood sugar have to be on time. Injection of insulin for diabetes should pay attention to the elderly dose and time, one should be accurate, in half an hour before injection; Second, we must pay attention to the regular replacement of the injection site to prevent scleroma organizations; three partial strictly disinfected to prevent infection; four to watch for excessive insulin or oral drugs for adverse reactions. But also to observe the elderly diabetes have low blood sugar phenomenon, once the symptoms of hypoglycemia should immediately oral carbohydrate food, on the heavier should immediately go to the hospital for medical treatment.
Suffering from diabetes to light the elderly should be encouraged to participate in appropriate physical and sports activities in order to avoid the body fat can also reduce the burden on the patient's spirit. Such as severe ketoacidosis and other complications, should be an absolute bed rest, to wait for his condition improved, depending on the patient, and gradually increase the volume of activities.
The event as a result of diabetes, with almost life-long and long-term medication to the patient a heavy financial burden and mental stress. In particular, fear of complications, most patients with the spirit of malaise, depression, loss of confidence in the fight against the disease. In view of this situation, the patient once the diagnosis, we should sympathize with comfort, while the incidence of diabetes awareness, prevention, treatment of the relevant knowledge, enhance their confidence in the fight against disease.
Diabetic patients the most important thing is diet control. Standards should be strictly controlled diet, diabetic diet master calculation. Total daily calories in the control of standards under the premise of increasing the high-cellulose, low-fat diet, each meal deprivation, the daily number of meals.
Daily life should be strengthened elderly diabetic oral and skin care to prevent infection; attention to warm, the prevention of upper respiratory tract infection and pulmonary complications, the prevention of urinary tract infection; accurate records of urine, measurement of body weight on time.
The family home to buy the best measurement of blood glucose and urine sugar measurements of the paper and on time to the elderly diabetic blood sugar, urine sugar, but this self-test can not be replaced regularly measuring hospital. If it is found that fluctuations in blood sugar have to be on time. Injection of insulin for diabetes should pay attention to the elderly dose and time, one should be accurate, in half an hour before injection; Second, we must pay attention to the regular replacement of the injection site to prevent scleroma organizations; three partial strictly disinfected to prevent infection; four to watch for excessive insulin or oral drugs for adverse reactions. But also to observe the elderly diabetes have low blood sugar phenomenon, once the symptoms of hypoglycemia should immediately oral carbohydrate food, on the heavier should immediately go to the hospital for medical treatment.
Suffering from diabetes to light the elderly should be encouraged to participate in appropriate physical and sports activities in order to avoid the body fat can also reduce the burden on the patient's spirit. Such as severe ketoacidosis and other complications, should be an absolute bed rest, to wait for his condition improved, depending on the patient, and gradually increase the volume of activities.
On the psychological elderly patients with diabetes care
Diabetes is a chronic disease with life, due to repeated changes in the disease, no cause of treatment, the emergence of such complications, patients will have varying degrees of psychological barriers. Therefore, psychological care is essential to diabetes care segments, which contribute to the stability of the disease, drugs to play, the consolidation effect. Elderly diabetes through psychological care, the following experience.
(1) despair and psychological care: Some people believe that senile diabetes, their suffering from diabetes, is "incurable" and life-long medication, quality of life, loss of confidence in life. On the psychological care of these patients, it is necessary to meet the doctor and his (her) to exchange, to establish a correct concept of the disease. At present, there is no cure for diabetes, but to control development, the emergence of delayed complications. Such as good control of the life of elderly diabetic patients have little effect. So as to enhance confidence in the fight against the disease, contribute to drug treatment. (2) neglect of mental illness care: Some people believe that senile diabetes, their blood sugar is high, no other symptoms, does not affect the diet, without treatment, even if the treatment, not law. On the psychological care of these patients, to his (her) to explain the dangers of diabetes and its complications, cited some examples, so that patients fully understand the importance of diabetes treatment, recognizing that the benefits of active treatment, active treatment did not harm to medical, nursing and improve compliance. (3) "diabetic personality" psychological care: Some immature personality in elderly diabetic patients with a passive-dependent, do indecision, lack of self-confidence and insecurity often, these personality characteristics known as "diabetic personality." On the psychological care of these patients, so that patients understand that bad mood of the metabolic control of diabetes and the vesting conditions will have a negative impact, when the emotional instability, the blood sugar can rise, and long-term depression patients reduced insulin secretion , decreased glucose utilization curve, so in order to maintain emotional stability.
Clinical care can not be done mechanically, in particular the elderly diabetic patients should be targeted at the specific circumstances of each person, such as: age, mental status, family status, educational level, economic status, such as depth to do a good job of psychological care, to maximize Let the patient acceptance, approval, in order to achieve the intended purpose. Through psychological care, so patients can take to establish confidence in the future, thereby enhancing the patient's compliance, so that optimistic sentiment, but also to resist, such as "can completely cured" of false advertising and the temptations of pseudo-science. Through psychological care, so that further medical treatment and overall care.
(1) despair and psychological care: Some people believe that senile diabetes, their suffering from diabetes, is "incurable" and life-long medication, quality of life, loss of confidence in life. On the psychological care of these patients, it is necessary to meet the doctor and his (her) to exchange, to establish a correct concept of the disease. At present, there is no cure for diabetes, but to control development, the emergence of delayed complications. Such as good control of the life of elderly diabetic patients have little effect. So as to enhance confidence in the fight against the disease, contribute to drug treatment. (2) neglect of mental illness care: Some people believe that senile diabetes, their blood sugar is high, no other symptoms, does not affect the diet, without treatment, even if the treatment, not law. On the psychological care of these patients, to his (her) to explain the dangers of diabetes and its complications, cited some examples, so that patients fully understand the importance of diabetes treatment, recognizing that the benefits of active treatment, active treatment did not harm to medical, nursing and improve compliance. (3) "diabetic personality" psychological care: Some immature personality in elderly diabetic patients with a passive-dependent, do indecision, lack of self-confidence and insecurity often, these personality characteristics known as "diabetic personality." On the psychological care of these patients, so that patients understand that bad mood of the metabolic control of diabetes and the vesting conditions will have a negative impact, when the emotional instability, the blood sugar can rise, and long-term depression patients reduced insulin secretion , decreased glucose utilization curve, so in order to maintain emotional stability.
Clinical care can not be done mechanically, in particular the elderly diabetic patients should be targeted at the specific circumstances of each person, such as: age, mental status, family status, educational level, economic status, such as depth to do a good job of psychological care, to maximize Let the patient acceptance, approval, in order to achieve the intended purpose. Through psychological care, so patients can take to establish confidence in the future, thereby enhancing the patient's compliance, so that optimistic sentiment, but also to resist, such as "can completely cured" of false advertising and the temptations of pseudo-science. Through psychological care, so that further medical treatment and overall care.
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