Refers to diabetic foot lesions: a result of vascular disease in patients with diabetes caused by insufficient blood supply due to neuropathy and sensory loss caused by infection with foot change. Due to diabetic foot disease and amputation than in patients with non-diabetic patients is 5 to 10 times high. In fact a similar pathological changes can also occur in other parts of the body, but in patients with the incidence of foot lesions was significantly higher than other parts of the body. Diabetic foot of the main manifestations of lower extremity pain, skin ulcers, light to severe intermittent claudication can be expressed as, lower extremity rest pain and foot gangrene. Early lesions, physical examination can be found in the performance of lower extremity ischemia, such as the elevation of lower extremities pale skin when the feet and lower limbs were purple when down. Cold foot, dorsalis pedis artery pulse weakened and disappeared. Patients with intermittent claudication is suddenly walked sometimes feel pain of lower limbs, and had to limp to walk. Rest pain in lower limb vascular disease is the result of the further development of not only walking insufficiency of lower extremities and lower extremities due to the break but the blood and pain. Patients with severe cases may be unable to sleep at night. Further development of the disease and lower limbs, especially legs may be necrosis, wound not cure for a long time, seriously to residues required amputations.
Foot disease prevention and control measures
The treatment of foot lesions should be based on prevention, the best can not be got after the earlier rule, do not think that "pain does not itch, all right," the disease was delayed children, and finally resulted in amputations. Control means including:
* Good control of blood glucose
* Keep feet clean and dry skin
Feet to prevent skin injuries *
Feet to prevent skin infections *
* Regular foot movement
* Smoking
Feet
* A day with warm water (no more than 40 degrees) to clean feet.
* Use soft soap, do not use irritating soap.
* Wash hands before the test water temperature, or allow others to help test the temperature, to prevent the water temperature is too high, burn his feet.
* Foot soak no more than 5-10 minutes.
* Washed gently with a soft towel to dry foot skin, do not rub hard
* Use a small amount of powder, to keep the skin dry between the toes.
* The use of lubricating cream emulsion or nutrition to keep your skin soft foot. To prevent dry skin, chapped.
* Do not warm in the hearth feet, do not use electric blanket, hot foot plumbing devices to prevent the skin from being aware of being scalded.
Check your feet regularly
In bright check your feet, interphalangeal and used a mirror to check the soles of his feet. If you do not know, please help to check whether you are:
* Corn, corpus callosum and adequate moss
* Skin laceration, abrasion, etc.
* Blisters, swelling, etc.
* Mosquito bite injury
To prepare for themselves a comfortable footwear
* Shoes should be carefully selected,large, the size of the right size, good air permeability, comfortable to wear and can not squeeze the foot.
* Should be absorbent socks, good air permeability, soft and warm. Pure wool or cotton products better. Socks I want to loose, so as not to affect blood circulation. Socks should wash every day, and cleanliness is maintained.
* Shoes shoes before checking whether there is a small sand and other foreign matter or has not formed a place.
* When wearing new shoes, the first day of no more than half an hour to check the feet have not been pinched or friction.
* If there is foot deformity, should be specially-made shoes to prevent foot injuries by grinding.
* Do not walk barefoot or barefoot, slippers, foot to prevent foreign body injury in the skin, when they go out.
Correct toenails trimmed
After washing, nail trimming soft nail the best time. Pruning, please cut-ping, do not cut too short, too close to the skin. Do not nail the edge of a circular or Xiucheng angle, otherwise the skin vulnerable to injury in a ditch, causing infection.
Foot movement
Adhere to the lower leg and foot a day movement 30 to 60 minutes, can improve blood circulation of lower extremities to prevent the occurrence of foot lesions. Foot movement by:
* Walking movement
* To heel - toe movement * bend the knee - Squat Movement
* Left leg movement
Wound care
Diabetic foot, even a small wound, healing for a long time, must be very careful care of small wounds. If accompanied by nerve damage, you may not feel the wounds caused by the stimulation and the occurrence of pain in the wound. Any injuries are very prone to skin infections, resulting in serious consequences.
For small wounds:
* You should first use of disinfectants (such as alcohol) injury thorough cleaning, and then covered with sterile gauze.
* Avoid the use of iodine disinfectants, such as a strong stimulus.
* Do not use such as disinfectants, medicines will be covered by the color of the signs of wound infection.
* Do not use a hard paste, chicken eye or corrosive acidic substances, so as to avoid skin ulcer.
* If the wound in 2 ~ 3 days are not healing, medical treatment as soon as possible. Do not, under the guidance in the absence of health care workers themselves.
