Deeper understanding of - blood glucose and diabetes

Blood Glucose

Human blood contains a certain concentration of glucose, or blood sugar. Human activities in the supply of blood glucose is the main energy source, the supply of dietary carbohydrate calories the body 60 ~ 70%. Under normal circumstances the human body to maintain the dynamic balance of blood glucose, fluctuations in the 70 ~ 140mg/dl (3.9 ~ 7.8mmol / l) between a maximum of not more than 180mg/dl (10mmol / l). After eating, the gastrointestinal tract to the ingestion of carbohydrate digestion and hydrolysis of polysaccharides into monosaccharides that blood glucose, so that increased blood glucose, with glucose utilization and storage, so that blood glucose decreased gradually. Hunger, the original is stored in the body to release glucose into the blood, so blood sugar rise, to maintain dynamic balance.

Insulin

Distribution of insulin in the pancreas from the tens of thousands of islets, islet cell mass in (- cells to produce insulin is not released through pipes directly into the blood (endocrine).

The role of insulin is to promote the sugar, fat, protein three anabolic nutrients. The main function is to reduce blood sugar, is the only way to lower blood glucose in vivo hormone, once lack or can not play a role in normal blood sugar would rise, the occurrence of diabetes.

Principles of insulin hypoglycemic

After eating, carbohydrate digestion and hydrolysis of polysaccharides into glucose into blood directly stimulate islet (- cells to produce and release insulin into the blood. Insulin in the blood only in liver, muscle and adipose tissue in many of the cell surface insulin receptor combination in order to play a role in blood glucose transporter to the cell for the body to use. insulin is equivalent to "key", the equivalent of insulin receptor "lock", only when the key inserted in lock to open the door of glucose into the cells . the glucose to enter cells through a complex biochemical reactions that produce energy, some of which are supplied directly from the activities of various types of cells, some synthesis of glucose as an energy source glycogen, or synthesis of fat in the form of glucose stored for use where required.