Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and non-reliance on the internal

Insulin is a protein hormone. In vivo by insulin secreted by pancreatic β-cells. Next to the duodenum in humans, there is a long-shaped organ, called the pancreas. Scattered in the pancreas of a large number of cells, called islets. Pancreatic islet of a total of about 100 to 2,000,000.

Islet cell secretion of hormones in accordance with its functions divided into the following categories:

① B cells (β cells), accounting for about 60% of islet cells to 80%, insulin secretion, insulin can lower blood sugar.
② A cells (α cells), accounting for about 24% of islet cells to 40%, glucagon secretion, the role of glucagon and insulin contrary, can increase blood sugar.
③ D cells, islet cells of the total number of about 6% ~ 15% secretion of growth hormone-inhibiting hormone.

Diabetic patients, due to virus infection, autoimmune, genetic and other risk factors, the pathophysiology of insulin activity was mainly due to the relative or absolute lack of glucagon, as well as the relative or absolute activity of the oversupply of, or B and A cells dysfunction caused by bilateral hormone.

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Ⅰ type diabetes, insulin-secreting cells or total lack of serious damage, very low endogenous insulin secretion, required exogenous insulin therapy. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Ⅱ type diabetes, insulin secretion less obstacles, based on normal or higher insulin levels, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion are generally lower than those of the corresponding weight, that is, the relative lack of insulin.